Primary Hydatid Cyst: An Unusual Cause of a Mass

Abstract

Hydatid disease, also known as echinococcosis or hydatidosis, is an infectious disease caused by the cestode Echinococcus. Echinococcus granulosus is the most common Echinococcus species affecting human beings. It may affect any organ and tissue in the body, in particular the liver and lung. Musculoskeletal or soft tissue hydatidosis accounts for about 0.5% 5% of all echinococcal infections in endemic areas, and is almost always secondary to the hepatic or pulmonary disease. Even in regions where echinococcosis is endemic, hydatidosis of cervicofacial region is extremely rare. Herein, we present exceptionally rare case with an unusual localization of primary hydatid cyst in the left supraclavicular region of the neck.KeywordsHydatid cyst; Supraclavicular region; Neck; Unusual localization

Primary hydatid cyst of the neck diagnosed by aspiration cytology

“…[4] Even in regions where Echinococcosis is endemic, hydatid cyst in the neck is rare and its incidence is unknown. [56] Iynen et al .,[6] Eroglu et al .,[7] Kesici et al . [8] and Hmidi et al .…”

“…Moreover, they can cross the hepatic sinusoid or pulmonary capillary barrier enters the systemic circulation and can affect all the parts of the body. [6] Our case was unique as the patient suffered from the primary subcutaneous hydatid cyst of the right posterior triangle of the neck with no involvement of lungs and liver. FNAC although generally discouraged as a diagnostic tool in suspected hydatid cases due to the risk of anaphylaxis, accidentally clinched the diagnosis in this case.…”

Hydatidosis of infratemporal fossa with proptosis – an unusual presentation: a case report and review of the literature

“…Definitive treatment for hydatid cyst is surgical removal of the cyst which remains the gold standard, although particular efforts should be made to prevent the breakage of the cyst during the procedure, which could lead to anaphylaxis and/or cyst recurrence [ 6 ]. The prognosis is excellent in hydatidosis when treated by total removal of the cyst without rupture [ 28 ]. Besides surgery, non-conventional treatment like puncture, aspiration, injection, and re-aspiration (PAIR) had been studied recently and was found safe and effective [ 1 ].…”

Primary Hydatid Cyst of the Axillary Region: A Case Report

“…Optimal treatment of hydatid cysts is surgical resection to remove the cyst. The main purpose of the surgery is to prevent the patient from complications such as compression of surrounding structures, infection or rupture of the cyst [1, 7]. Total cystectomy with fibrous adventitia which allows removal of all parasitic elements without spillage of the contents of the cyst, is curative treatment for soft tissue hydatidosis.…”

“…granulosus tend to form in the liver (50% to 70% of patients) or lung (20% to 30%) but may through the capillary systems reaches the general circulation and passes to all viscera and soft tissues. For this reason, hydatid cysts may arise in atypical sites such as the brain, heart, orbit, urinary bladder, chest wall, subcutaneous tissue, tibia, parotid gland, breast, cervicofacial region, thyroid, and in any organ of the body (10%) [1, 3, 6, 7]. The diagnostic methods include imaging techniques, mainly X-ray for lung echinococcosis, ultrasound and computed tomography examination for abdominal echinococcosis and other affected organs, and immunodiagnostic tests (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), IFAT, and immunoblot) for confirmation.…”