Primary glenoid dysplasia

Abstract

W e reviewed 12 patients with primary glenoid dysplasia. Ten were assessed clinically and two from case notes and radiographs. We identified two groups according to the age at onset of symptoms. The first (seven patients) consisted of boys and younger men, all of whom developed symptoms before the age of 40 years. All four children were free from pain, whereas the three adults in this group had varying degrees of this. Four patients had symptoms of instability. The second group consisted of older men (five patients) all of whom had noted the onset of symptoms, in the form of pain and stiffness, after the age of 40 years. All five had radiological evidence of osteoarthritis.Although the four children in our study had minimal symptoms, all eight adults had ongoing shoulder pain and dysfunction, despite a specific rehabilitation programme. Four patients required surgery; one had posterior stabilisation for instability and three arthroplasties of the shoulder for osteoarthritis. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 2001;83-B:868-872.

Posterior Open-wedge Osteotomy and Glenoid Concavity Reconstruction Using an Implant-free, J-shaped Iliac Crest Bone Graft in Atraumatic Posterior Instability with Pathologic Glenoid Retroversion and Dysplasia: A Preliminary Report

“…Pain and mild disability persisted in two patients who had radiographic signs of arthritis preoperatively, and these radiographic changes progressed. We also observed that both were older than 40 years of age at the time of the procedure, and in accordance with the observations of Smith and Bunker [46], with increasing age the symptoms are generally more disabling and the results of this procedure may be less predictable. Our results suggest that the procedure may be more reliable in patients without degenerative joint changes.…”

“…Nonoperative management in patients with atraumatic posterior shoulder instability associated with glenoid dysplasia may provide initial but inconsistent symptom relief [46,55], but it cannot solve its underlying causes [26]. Surgical options in these patients, who often are younger, focus on joint-preserving treatment.…”

A scapula deformity in two burials from medieval England

“…In children, scapular neck dysplasia is generally asymptomatic (Smith & Bunker, 2001). Some cases remain symptomless in adulthood, and may be discovered as incidental findings (Edwards, 1928;Kozlowski et al, 1985;Wirth et al, 1993).…”

“…The observation that cases of primary glenoid dysplasia may remain symptomless has led some (e.g. Pettersson, 1981;Collins et al, 1995;Smith & Bunker, 2001;de Bellis et al, 2001) to suggest that the anomaly may not be as rare in modern populations as the number of clinically identified cases might suggest. Other than the cases cited above, I am aware of no other reports of similar deformities in the palaeopathology literature (indeed Bennike et al (1987) were likewise unable to find other reported palaeopathology cases).…”

“…In a developmental anomaly variously described as glenoid dysplasia, glenoid hypoplasia, posterior glenoid rim deficiency, scapular neck dysplasia or scapular neck hypoplasia, there is incomplete development of the scapula neck. Specifically, there is dysplasia of the posteroinferior part of the scapula neck so that the postero-inferior rim of the glenoid fossa is truncated and there is abnormal retroversion of the glenoid cavity (Smith & Bunker, 2001;Sperling et al, 2002;Harper et al, 2005;Theodorou et al, 2006). There is often a horizontal groove in the glenoid articular surface, which probably results from abnormal disjuncture in the growth of the two ossification centres which form the glenoid fossa (Sutro, 1967;Manns & Davies, 1991;Trout & Resnick, 1996).…”