Primary Gastric Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

Primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma (PGSCC) is an extremely rare cause of gastric malignancy.We present a 66-year-old man with a past medical history of stage I left palpebral marginal zone lymphoma status post radiation. The patient was complaining of a two-year history of bloating and early satiety. An upper endoscopy was performed, showing a 2.5 cm polypoid lesion at proximal corpus; however, the cardia and esophagus were normal. Biopsies were positive for gastric squamous cell carcinoma. He underwent partial gastrectomy and was referred to oncology for treatment.In 2011, the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association proposed diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of PGSCC. The clinical presentation of this malignancy does not differentiate from that of other types of gastric tumors. We report this case to highlight squamous cell carcinoma as a cause of primary gastric cancer. Gastroenterologists should be aware of this entity to facilitate prompt referral to specialized centers, where surgical resection can be done.

Exophytic primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma andH. pylorigastritis

“…Because of its rarity, understandings of primary gastric SCC are mainly based on case reports and case series studies 13. Gastric SCC predominantly affects male patients with an age of around 60,13 14 and abdominal pain and weight loss are the two most common symptoms. The most common location of the tumour is lesser curvature, followed by greater curvature.…”

A type of neoplasia deadlier than gastric adenocarcinoma? Report of a case of primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma

“…Diagnostic criteria that were first described in 1967 by Parks were the following: (a) the tumor should not be located at the cardia, (b) the tumor should not extend into the esophagus, and (c) there should be no evidence of SCC in any other parts of the body [4]. All of the above criteria had to be met, but the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association later in 2011 suggested new criteria including the following: (a) all tumor cells have to be SCC cells without any gland cancer cells and (b) SCC must originate in the gastric mucosa [5]. Our patient met the updated criteria for making the diagnosis of PGSCC, as all tumor cells were SCC cells and the lung lesions were metastases from the primary gastric tumor.…”

“…Clinical characteristics are not pathognomonic as they are the same with nearly every symptomatic gastric malignant tumor: nonspecific abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, vomiting, melena, bloating, and early satiety [5]. The exact origin and pathogenesis of the tumor is not well known, but several mechanisms have been proposed such as the presence of totipotential (stem) cells, the existence of areas of ectopic squamous cell nests, squamous differentiation of preexisting adenocarcinoma, squamous metaplasia of glandular epithelium secondary to chronic mucosal damage, and SCC arising from the vascular endothelium of the stomach.…”

“…Currently, there is no consensus on how to treat this disease, because of the fact that primary SCC of the stomach is rare and the current evidence is based on case reports and small case series. Radical surgical excision with lymph node dissection remains the main therapeutic approach and has been proposed as the only potential cure for localized disease as it can improve the prognosis of gastric SCC [5, 8, 9]. The efficacy of systemic chemotherapy against the recurrence or metastasis of PGSCC has been demonstrated in some studies [2, 10].…”

Gastrik Skuamöz Hücreli Karsinom: Olgu Sunumu

“…Malignant epithelial tumors of stomach are categorized as adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, gastroblastoma, neuroendocrine tumor, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and mixed neuroendocrine/non-neuroendocrine carcinoma according to WHO 2019 classification (1). Gastric squamous cell carcinoma that is a rare cancer accounts for 0.04-0.07% of all gastric malignant epithelial tumors (2). It was described for the first time in 1895 by Rörig et al (3).…”