Primary extraskeletal chondrosarcoma in the axillary region of a dog with review of the literature

Abstract

An eight-year-old, intact male English springer spaniel was presented with a five-month history of right forelimb lameness. MRI revealed a right axillary mass with associated nerve root thickening. Radiographs showed no evidence of bone involvement or pulmonary metastasis. A biopsy was taken of the mass, and histopathological examination was consistent with a high-grade chondrosarcoma. Conservative treatment was elected, and the patient euthanased four months later, after which postmortem examination was performed.

Complete surgical excision of a high‐grade extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, resulting in a longer survival than previously reported

“…In comparison, wide complete excision of appendicular chondrosarcomas is shown to be the best prognostic indicator in other veterinary and human literature, which has also held true in other case reports 5,24,26,28,33,34 . A significantly increased survival time was also noted, in a recent literature review by Pennington and others, between medically and surgically managed patients with EMCS, with a MST of 44 days and 11 months, respectively 29 …”

“…Lung metastases have been shown to correlate with a higher histological grade of the tumour 6,7 . In a recent review, evidence of distant disease was reported in 31% of cases, which was similar to the rate found by Brodey et al in 1974 5,29 . Metastases have also been shown to present within 3–17 months of surgical excision 3,30 .…”

“…6,7 In a recent review, evidence of distant disease was reported in 31% of cases, which was similar to the rate found by Brodey et al in 1974. 5,29 Metastases have also been shown to present within 3-17 months of surgical excision. 3,30 Regarding the current case, the clinical course of the disease seems to be slower than anticipated, contrary to the high-grade diagnosis, especially when compared with other reports.…”

“…5,24,26,28,33,34 A significantly increased survival time was also noted, in a recent literature review by Pennington and others, between medically and surgically managed patients with EMCS, with a MST of 44 days and 11 months, respectively. 29 With these inconsistencies in the literature, and no established grading scheme, it makes recommendations for treat-ment protocols and predicted prognosis challenging. The outcome in this case was clinically better than expected after wide complete excision, despite being a high-grade EMCS.…”

Condrossarcoma em escápula de cão: relato de caso

“…Como, na maioria das vezes, os condrossarcomas são mal vascularizados, eles apresentam áreas de necrose de coagulação ou focos de mineralização e uma ossificação endocondral também pode ser encontrada (THOMPSON; DITTMER, 2017). Nos casos mais agressivos, os condrossarcomas apresentam um caráter altamente infiltrativo com acentuado pleomorfismo celular, áreas com conglomerado de células e ausência de matriz extracelular, figuras de mitoses abundantes e extensa área de necrose (PENNINGTON, 2018).…”