Primary Epiphyseal Osteomyelitis Caused by Mycobacterium Species in Otherwise Healthy Toddlers

Abstract

Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Orthopedic Complications in Former Bacillus Calmette-GuÉrin Osteitis Patients

“…At follow-up at a mean of 4.1 years, focal epiphyseal damage was present in 5 (62.5%) patients, and clinical growth disturbance was evident in 1 (12.5%) patient. 10 In light of this study, it can be concluded that growth disturbance is rare, but many osteitis patients need surgical intervention during the treatment of the infection. This finding is similar to the conclusions of our BCG osteitis study although our figures are lower, a leg length discrepancy in 6.9% and a minor gait abnormality in 1.3%.…”

“…The study found that mycobacterial epiphyseal osteomyelitis seems to have an unfavorable clinical course that tends to lead to physeal damage. 10 In the 8 patients, the abscess was confined to the epiphysis at the time of initial presentation, but, over time, extended outside the epiphysis in 7 (87.5%) cases. Also, 7 patients needed surgical drainage, and 5 (62.5%) required additional surgery.…”

“…9 One study reviewed retrospectively cases of epiphyseal osteomyelitis in 8 children, who presented with the disease at a median age of 19 months. 10 The pathogens identified were BCG (Tokyo-172 strain), Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterium. The study found that mycobacterial epiphyseal osteomyelitis seems to have an unfavorable clinical course that tends to lead to physeal damage.…”

Long-term follow-up of osteomyelitis caused by Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination in immunocompetent children

“…gentle curettage and debridement under intraoperative fluoroscopy. In our literature review, fluoroscopy and endoscopy are used as to assist surgery to treat osteomyelitis of epiphyseal or physeal-involving lesions 15,16 . Endoscopic surgery under fluoroscopic guidance is reportedly useful for treating epiphyseal osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium species 17 .…”

An uncommon form of a common disease

“…[1][2][3] However, for children, fragility fractures secondary to Graves' disease are a rare occurrence. The literature describing such fractures in children is limited to two case reports, including a distal radius fracture 3 and an oblique non-displaced femur fracture.…”