Primary dendrite spacing of lead dendrites in Pb-Sn and Pb-Au Alloys

Klaren, C.M.; Verhoeven, J. D.; Trivedi, R.

doi:10.1007/bf02655101

Cited by 81 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the following discussion, we will also include other literature-reported data on directionally solidified Pb-Sb and Pb-Sn alloys. [13,[49][50][51][52] However, we will consider only the dendritic-morphology samples and exclude those with a cellular morphology. All the data, except for those from Sarazin and Hellawell, [4,49] are for the steady-state directional solidification experiments, where either the cylindrical sample or the furnace setup was translated at a constant speed and constant thermal gradient to achieve directional solidification.…”

Section: (⌬mentioning

confidence: 99%

A mushy-zone rayleigh number to describe interdendritic convection during directional solidification of hypoeutectic Pb-Sb and Pb-Sn alloys

Tewari

Tiwari

2003

Metall Mater Trans A

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Based on measurements of the specific dendrite surface area (S v ), fraction of interdendritic liquid (), and primary dendrite spacing ( 1 ) on transverse sections in a range of directionally solidified hypoeutectic Pb-Sb and Pb-Sn alloys that were grown at thermal gradients varying from 10 to 197 K cm Ϫ1 and growth speeds ranging from 2 to 157 m s Ϫ1 , it is observed that S v ϭ 1 Ϫ1 S* Ϫ0.33 (3.38 Ϫ 3.29 ϩ 8.85 2 ), where S* ϭ D l G eff /V m 1 C o (k Ϫ 1)/k, with D l being the solutal diffusivity in the melt, G eff being the effective thermal gradient, V being the growth speed, m l being the liquidus slope, C o being the solute content of the melt, and k being the solute partition coefficient. Use of this relationship in defining the mushy-zone permeability yields an analytical Rayleigh number that can be used to describe the extent of interdendritic convection during directional solidification. An increasing Rayleigh number shows a strong correlation with the experimentally observed reduction in the primary dendrite spacing as compared with those predicted theoretically in the absence of convection.

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Section: (⌬mentioning

confidence: 99%

A mushy-zone rayleigh number to describe interdendritic convection during directional solidification of hypoeutectic Pb-Sb and Pb-Sn alloys

Tewari

Tiwari

2003

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…[6] Through studies of the dynamics of tal studies have, thus, been carried out to relate primary spacing adjustments, it was shown that cells can translate spacing to the growth rate, temperature gradient, and compolaterally to minimize the disorder, and a new cell or dendrite sition. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Although the average spacing is most often was created when the spacing exceeded about 1.5 times the reported in the literature, experimental studies show that a minimum stable spacing. [6] In contrast to the previous results, significantly broad spectrum of primary spacings is presexperimental studies in bulk metallic and organic systems ent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, by assuming a hexagonal, square, or random distribudimensional spatial arrangement of points was obtained, which was then analyzed by using the weighted W-S method tion, the average primary-spacing value is calculated. [10,34,35] The value of the primary spacing is, thus, influenced by and the MST method. The most accurate method to quantitatively analyze the the distribution assumed for calculations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of convection on disorder in primary cellular and dendritic arrays

Trivedi

Mazumder

Tewari

2002

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…The predominant measures are the primary and secondary dendrite arm spacings (PDAS and SDAS respectively) [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. It has been well documented that fundamental relationships exist between dendrite arm spacing and casting parameters of growth rate (V) and thermal gradient (G).…”

Section: Primary and Secondary Dendritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Three-Dimensional Dendritic Structures in Nickel-Base Single Crystals for Investigation of Defect Formation

Madison¹,

Spowart²,

Rowenhorst³

et al. 2008

Superalloys 2008 (Eleventh International Symposium)

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During solidification, solute-induced convective instabilities at the solid -liquid interface can result in the formation of defects such as freckles and misoriented grains in superalloy single crystals. These defects can be particularly detrimental to the properties of single crystal nickel-base superalloys. Unfortunately, detailed understanding of fluid flow at the scale of the dendritic structure has yet to be fully understood, particularly under conditions in which heat extraction is non-axial. The objective of this research is to develop a technique for quantifying the dendritic structure and morphology at the solid -liquid interface for the purpose of providing direct input into computational fluid flow modeling. Using the RoboMET.3D serial sectioning system, threedimensional datasets of dendritic structure at the solidification front have been obtained for René N4 abruptly decanted during solidification. Distribution and arrangement of solid and liquid in the vicinity of dendrite tips is analyzed and the implications for defect formation are discussed.

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Primary dendrite spacing of lead dendrites in Pb-Sn and Pb-Au Alloys

Cited by 81 publications

References 16 publications

A mushy-zone rayleigh number to describe interdendritic convection during directional solidification of hypoeutectic Pb-Sb and Pb-Sn alloys

A mushy-zone rayleigh number to describe interdendritic convection during directional solidification of hypoeutectic Pb-Sb and Pb-Sn alloys

The effect of convection on disorder in primary cellular and dendritic arrays

Characterization of Three-Dimensional Dendritic Structures in Nickel-Base Single Crystals for Investigation of Defect Formation

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