Primary dendrite distribution and disorder during directional solidification of Pb-Sb alloys

Hui, Jun; Tiwari, Rajesh Kumar; Wu, Xuesong; Tewari, Surendra N.; Trivedi, R.

doi:10.1007/s11661-002-0337-5

Cited by 61 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Numerous experimental studies have been performed where the flow is induced by thermal and/or solutal buoyancy forces [255][256][257][258][259][260][261][262][263]. While these experimental investigations reveal several interesting phenomena, few general statements regarding the convection effect can be made.…”

Section: Dendrite Arm Development and Spacingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solidification microstructures and solid-state parallels: Recent developments, future directions

et al. 2009

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Rapid advances in atomistic and phase-field modeling techniques as well as new experiments have led to major progress in solidification science during the first years of this century. Here we review the most important findings in this technologically important area that impact our quantitative understanding of: (i) key anisotropic properties of the solid-liquid interface that govern solidification pattern evolution, including the solid-liquid interface free energy and the kinetic coefficient; (ii) dendritic solidification at small and large growth rates, with particular emphasis on orientation selection; (iii) regular and irregular eutectic and peritectic microstructures; (iv) effects of convection on microstructure formation; (v) solidification at a high volume fraction of solid and the related formation of pores and hot cracks; and (vi) solid-state transformations as far as they relate to solidification models and techniques. In light of this progress, critical issues that point to directions for future research in both solidification and solid-state transformations are identified.

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Section: Dendrite Arm Development and Spacingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solidification microstructures and solid-state parallels: Recent developments, future directions

et al. 2009

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The cellular and dendritic spacings are important microstructural parameters resulting from the solidification process, because it is well known that these spacings exercise a significant influence on the properties of castings. They affect the microscopic segregation existing between the cellular or dendritic ramifications, and consequently, the mechanical behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular/Dendritic Transition and Microstructure Evolution during Transient Directional Solidification of Pb-Sb Alloys

Rosa

Spinelli

Ferreira

et al. 2008

Metall Mater Trans A

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Recent studies of lead-antimony alloys, used for the production of positive electrodes of leadacid batteries, have assessed the influences of both the microstructural morphology and of solute redistribution on the surface corrosion resistance in sulfuric acid solution, and have shown that cellular structures and dendritic structures have different responses on the corrosion rate of such alloys. The present article focuses on the search of adequate solidification conditions (alloy composition, cooling rate, and solidification velocity), which determine the occurrence of a microstructural transition from the cellular to the dendritic regime during the transient unidirectional solidification of hypoeutectic Pb-Sb alloys and on the microstructural evolution after such transition. The experimental data refers to the solidification of four hypoeutectic Pb-Sb alloys (2.2, 2.5, 3, and 6.6 wt pct Sb) and of the eutectic composition. The experimental results include transient metal/mold heat-transfer coefficients, liquidus isotherm velocity, cooling rate, and cellular and dendritic spacings. It was found that the cooling rate dependence on cellular and primary dendritic spacings is characterized by an experimental law of the form k 1 ¼ AÁ _ T À0:55 ; which seems to be independent of composition where A = 60 represents the alloys undergoing a cellular growth and A = 115 can describe the dendritic growth. The sudden change on such multiplier has occurred for the Pb 2.2 wt pct Sb alloy, i.e., for the cellular/ dendritic transition.

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“…[23] This has been effectively applied to characterize the mean dendrite arm spacing, PDAS distribution, and the disorder in first Pb-Tl alloys [24] and subsequently in other alloy systems. [11,18,25] As an example of this technique, Figure 3 plots the dendrite cores and connecting line segments for the single-crystal nickel-based superalloy micrograph used in this study ( Figure 4). Moreover, other methods such as radial distribution functions, fast Fourier transforms, and/or correlation functions can also be used to characterize the dendrite arm spacing distribution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7] The solidification morphology associated with dendrite arm spacing has been described in the literature. [8,9] Historically, the primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS) has been found to correlate with processing (e.g., solidification rate) [7,[10][11][12][13][14] as well as with properties (e.g., creep strength, fatigue properties). [15,6] For instance, Lamm and Singer [6] produced single-crystal nickel-based microstructures (PWA 1483) with a varied range of different dendrite arm spacings (250 to 600 lm) and found that decreasing the mean dendrite arm spacing was associated with an increased high-cycle fatigue life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Local Primary Dendrite Arm Spacing in Directionally Solidified Dendritic Microstructures

Tschopp

Miller

Oppedal

et al. 2013

Metall Mater Trans A

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Characterizing the spacing of primary dendrite arms in directionally solidified microstructures is an important step for developing process-structure-property relationships by enabling the quantification of (i) the influence of processing on microstructure and (ii) the influence of microstructure on properties. In this work, we utilized a new Voronoi-based approach for spatial point pattern analysis that was applied to an experimental dendritic microstructure. This technique utilizes a Voronoi tessellation of space surrounding the dendrite cores to determine nearest neighbors and the local primary dendrite arm spacing. In addition, we compared this technique to a recent distance-based technique and a modification to this using Voronoi tessellations. Moreover, a convex hull-based technique was used to include edge effects for such techniques, which can be important for thin specimens. These methods were used to quantify the distribution of local primary dendrite arm spacings, their spatial distribution, and their correlation with interdendritic eutectic particles for an experimental directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy micrograph. This can be an important step for correlating processing and properties in directionally solidified dendritic microstructures.

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Primary dendrite distribution and disorder during directional solidification of Pb-Sb alloys

Cited by 61 publications

References 21 publications

Solidification microstructures and solid-state parallels: Recent developments, future directions

Solidification microstructures and solid-state parallels: Recent developments, future directions

Cellular/Dendritic Transition and Microstructure Evolution during Transient Directional Solidification of Pb-Sb Alloys

Characterizing the Local Primary Dendrite Arm Spacing in Directionally Solidified Dendritic Microstructures

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