Primary Congenital Glaucoma Outcomes: Lessons From 23 Years of Follow-up

Zagora, Sophia; Funnell, C L; Martin, Frank; Smith, James E.; Hing, Stephen; Billson, Francis A.; Veillard, Anne Sophie; Jamieson, Robyn V; Grigg, John

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2015.01.019

Cited by 83 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This is in accordance with other published reports, as in the studies by Zagora et al 4 reporting bilateral involvement in 67.1% of PCG cases and the study by Yassin and Al-Tamimi 5 reporting bilateral involvement in 74% of PCG cases and is in contradistinction to other published reports, as in the study by Aziz et al 6 reporting bilateral involvement in 99.3% of cases, the study by Tamcelik et al 7 reporting bilateral involvement in 94.4% of cases, the study by Alanazi et al 8 reporting bilateral involvement in 82.6% of PCG cases, and the study by Taylor et al 1 reporting bilateral involvement in 82% of PCG cases. This higher bilaterality incidence in those reports may be related to the disease severity and underlying genetic abnormality in different communities and ethnic groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Fellow Eye in Unilateral Primary Congenital Glaucoma

Bayoumi

2017

Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice

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AimThis is a report of the incidence of bilateral cases in a cohort of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) cases and a study of the biometric characteristics of the fellow normal eyes in unilateral cases.Materials and methodsThe charts of 134 PCG children were reviewed, of which 78 cases (58.2%) were found to have bilateral disease. The remaining 56 patients (41.8%) with unilateral disease had their fellow normal eyes compared with an age-matched cohort of ophthalmologically free children.ResultsThere were no differences between the normal fellow eyes of PCG cases and the control eyes in the corneal diameter and central corneal thickness (CCT), whereas the normal fellow eyes of PCG cases had higher intraocular pressure (IOP) and cup/disc (C/D) ratios.ConclusionThe fellow eyes of apparently unilateral PCG cases are not typically normal anatomically like other children unaffected by PCG.Clinical significanceA very high index of suspicion has to be kept for PCG cases that present apparently unilaterally, and meticulous prolonged follow-up is mandatory.How to cite this articleBayoumi NHL. Fellow Eye in Unilateral Primary Congenital Glaucoma. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2017;11(1):28-30.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Fellow Eye in Unilateral Primary Congenital Glaucoma

Bayoumi

2017

Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice

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“…We found a significantly higher risk of PCG in males (RR 1.60) in our study which is in accordance with some studies (McGinnity et al 1987;Suri et al 2009;Silva et al 2011) though other studies show equal male-female gender distribution (Papadopoulos et al 2007;Alanazi et al 2013;Zagora et al 2015). Our study is unique, in that it allowed us to compare PCG prevalence, and hence risk, in boys and girls on a national level.…”

Section: Incidence and Risk Factorssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The cause of PCG is believed to be largely genetic, and hence, one would expect the disease to affect both eyes. Sixty-three percent of our cases had bilateral disease in agreement with several other studies ranging from 62% to 94%, (Elder 1993;Papadopoulos et al 2007;Silva et al 2011;Alanazi et al 2013;Tamcelik et al 2014;Zagora et al 2015) three of these showing bilateral PCG in more than 80% (Silva et al 2011;Alanazi et al 2013;Tamcelik et al 2014). Unilateral disease may be caused by somatic rather than germline mutations, but we found children with unilateral disease with siblings with bilateral disease and unilateral disease in children from consanguineous families which points towards unilateral manifestation of recessive disease.…”

Section: Incidence and Risk Factorssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Primary congenital glaucoma in Denmark, 1977–2016

Pedersen

Kappelgaard

Kessel

et al. 2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Purpose To perform an epidemiological survey of all patients in Denmark diagnosed with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) from 1977 to 2016. Methods A retrospective, nationwide study based on a review of medical files of all children with PCG born in Denmark from 1977 to 2016. PCG was defined as glaucoma due to isolated angle dysgenesis affecting children from birth and including late onset/late recognized PCG, excluding glaucoma associated with other congenital abnormalities. Incidence and risk factors of PCG including gender, consanguinity, family history, ethnicity, comorbidity and prematurity were evaluated and stratified by decade (1977–1986, 1987–1996, 1997–2006 and 2007–2016). Age at first symptoms, age at diagnosis, age at time of first surgery and possible diagnostic delay were assessed. Results Of 118 patients were identified, annual incidence of PCG was 4.8 per 100 000 live born. 62.3% of cases were bilateral. The relative risk (RR) of PCG was significantly higher in boys (62.7% of patients, RR 1.60 (95% CI 1.10–2.32)). 13.6% had comorbidity. Median age at time of first symptoms was 75 days, median age at time of diagnosis was 150 days and median diagnostic delay was 75 days with no significant difference throughout the decades. Unilateral cases presented symptoms and were diagnosed significantly later than bilateral cases. Conclusion We provide unique nation‐based information on the incidence of PCG from a single country covering 40 years. Male gender was a risk factor. Diagnostic delay was unchanged throughout the 4 decades and a high percentage of comorbidity was revealed. Introducing a standardized paediatric screening of all PCG children should be considered.

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Childhood Glaucoma Surgery in Developing Countries

Mandal

Senthil

2018

Surgical Management of Childhood Glaucoma

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Primary Congenital Glaucoma Outcomes: Lessons From 23 Years of Follow-up

Cited by 83 publications

References 29 publications

Fellow Eye in Unilateral Primary Congenital Glaucoma

Fellow Eye in Unilateral Primary Congenital Glaucoma

Primary congenital glaucoma in Denmark, 1977–2016

Childhood Glaucoma Surgery in Developing Countries

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