Primary CNS germ cell tumors: current epidemiology and update on treatment

Thakkar, Jigisha P.; Chew, Lita; Villanó, John L.

doi:10.1007/s12032-013-0496-9

Cited by 61 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In other series the peak incidence was in individuals aged 10-19 years [16] and 10-12 years [8]. As we observed the peak incidence in residents of Kumamoto prefecture aged 10-19 years, we analyzed the age-adjusted annual incidence rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Incidence of Primary Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors in Childhood: A Regional Survey in Kumamoto Prefecture in Southern Japan

Makino

Nakamura²,

Yano³

et al. 2013

Pediatr Neurosurg

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Background/Aims: Central nervous system germ cell tumors (CNS-GCTs) are relatively rare. While their incidence was thought to be higher in East Asia than the USA, recent evidence suggests the difference between Japan and the USA is not statistically significant. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of pediatric primary CNS-GCTs in Kumamoto prefecture, Japan. Methods: We surveyed 6,615 new cases of primary intracranial tumors diagnosed in Kumamoto prefecture between 1989 and 2011. Among these, 251 (3.8%) occurred in patients younger than 15 years. The age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated by the direct method using 5-year age groupings; the incidence in the total Japanese population in the year 2000 was the standard. Results: During the 23-year period, 70 cases of primary GCT were diagnosed. Of these tumors, 31 (44.3%) arose in patients aged between 0 and 14 years (22 boys, 9 girls). Their tumor location was pineal in 45.2%; the other sites were nonpineal. There were more germinomas (64.5%) than nongerminomas (35.5%) in this group. The age-adjusted annual incidence rate was 0.45 cases (boys: 0.64, girls: 0.28) per 10⁵ children. At 2.29, the ratio of CNS-GCTs was higher in these boys than girls. Our data showed higher rates than data from CBTRUS 2012 (0.18/10⁵), SEER 2008 (0.15/10⁵) and Germany (0.10/10⁵). Conclusions: Our survey showed that the incidence of primary CNS-GCTs in children was higher in Kumamoto prefecture than in the USA and other Western countries, suggesting that racial backgrounds play a role.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Incidence of Primary Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors in Childhood: A Regional Survey in Kumamoto Prefecture in Southern Japan

Makino

Nakamura²,

Yano³

et al. 2013

Pediatr Neurosurg

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“…In fact, on the contrary they show a similar incidence between Asian countries and United States ( [37], [38]). This different incidence of pineal tumours in different ethnic populations does not have an explanation and recently a more equal rate between Western or Far Eastern countries was reported.…”

Section: Authorsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Germinomas can be cured with chemo or radiotherapy alone without the necessity of a direct complete tumour removal [14,37,45].…”

Section: Survival and Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of pineal tumours. A review of the literature

2015

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“…Intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) represent a rare fraction of pediatric brain tumors, which arise from primordial cells of the developing embryo [ 96 ]. Germ cells typically form the reproductive system, but arise in GCTs when they aberrantly migrate and proliferate in sites other than the gonads (i.e., chest, abdomen, and less frequently, the brain) [ 96 ].…”

Section: Germ Cell Tumormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Germ cells typically form the reproductive system, but arise in GCTs when they aberrantly migrate and proliferate in sites other than the gonads (i.e., chest, abdomen, and less frequently, the brain) [ 96 ]. iGCTs are most commonly found in young people aged 10-20 and account for approximately 2-5 % of all pediatric brain tumors [ 52 , 97 ].…”

Section: Germ Cell Tumormentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Stem Cells in Pediatric Central Nervous System Malignancies

Manoranjan

Garg

Bakhshinyan

et al. 2015

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Representing the leading cause of childhood cancer mortality, pediatric brain tumors are comprised of diverse histological features, genetic perturbations, cellular populations, treatment protocols, and clinical outcomes. In this chapter we discuss recent and emerging data that implicate cancer stem cells (also known as brain tumor-initiating cells) in initiating and maintaining the growth of a number of pediatric brain tumors including: medulloblastoma, supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, ependymoma, low-grade glioma, glioblastoma, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, germ cell tumor, and craniopharyngioma. The development of a stem cell framework for the study and treatment of these tumors will enable future clinical approaches to harness the heterogeneous cellular and genomic landscape of these solid tumors as an avenue for developing targeted patient-oriented therapies, thereby improving the overall survivorship for the most lethal childhood cancer.

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Primary CNS germ cell tumors: current epidemiology and update on treatment

Cited by 61 publications

References 73 publications

Incidence of Primary Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors in Childhood: A Regional Survey in Kumamoto Prefecture in Southern Japan

Incidence of Primary Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors in Childhood: A Regional Survey in Kumamoto Prefecture in Southern Japan

Incidence of pineal tumours. A review of the literature

The Role of Stem Cells in Pediatric Central Nervous System Malignancies

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