Primary central nervous system lymphoma

Low, Seng Hui; Han, Catherine; Batchelor, Tracy T.

doi:10.1177/1756286418793562

Cited by 57 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…The heterogeneous treatments received by the study populations may affect the evaluation of potential prognostic factors, resulting in null findings. These heterogeneous circumstances, however, reflect the current clinical scenarios of treating PCNSL patients because there has long been controversy regarding optimal regimens for PCNSL …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These heterogeneous circumstances, however, reflect the current clinical scenarios of treating PCNSL patients because there has long been controversy regarding optimal regimens for PCNSL. 4,39 In summary, the Taipei Score is a simple model that discriminates PFS and OS for PCNSL patients. The score may offer disease risk stratification and help facilitate clinical decision-making.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new prognostic score for disease progression and mortality in patients with newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma

et al. 2020

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Background Although various prognostic models for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) have been developed, there is no consensus regarding the optimal prognostic index. We aimed to evaluate potential prognostic factors and construct a novel predictive model for PCNSL patients. Methods We enrolled newly diagnosed PCNSL patients between 2003 and 2015. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The prognostic factors identified using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to develop a predictive model. We subsequently validated the prognostic model in an independent cohort. We also evaluated the validity of the existing scores: the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG), the Nottingham/Barcelona (NB), and the Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center models (MSKCC). Results We identified 101 patients with newly diagnosed PCNSL at our center. Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥80, deep brain lesions, and ECOG ≥2 were independent risk factors of PFS. Assigning one point for each factor, we constructed a novel prognostic model, the Taipei Score, with four distinct risk groups (0‐3 points). The performances of the Taipei Score in discriminating both PFS and OS in the training cohort were significant, and the score was validated in the external validation cohort. The IELSG, NB and MSKCC models had insufficient discriminative ability for either PFS or OS in both cohorts. Conclusion The Taipei Score is a simple model that discriminates PFS and OS for PCNSL patients. The score may offer disease risk stratification and facilitate clinical decision‐making.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new prognostic score for disease progression and mortality in patients with newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma

et al. 2020

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“…Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a less common subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that has poor prognosis and is typically limited to the brain, eyes, and cerebrospinal fluid without proof of systemic spread [30]. With an incidence rate of 0.44 per 100,000, PCNSL accounts for approximately 2% of all primary CNS tumors [31]. Recently, some studies describe the crucial role of miRNA in brain development and function.…”

Section: Mir-144 In the Lymphoma Of The Primary Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

MiR-144: A New Possible Therapeutic Target and Diagnostic/Prognostic Tool in Cancers

Kooshkaki

Rezaei

Rahmati

et al. 2020

IJMS

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small and non-coding RNAs that display aberrant expression in the tissue and plasma of cancer patients when tested in comparison to healthy individuals. In past decades, research data proposed that miRNAs could be diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer patients. It has been confirmed that miRNAs can act either as oncogenes by silencing tumor inhibitors or as tumor suppressors by targeting oncoproteins. MiR-144s are located in the chromosomal region 17q11.2, which is subject to significant damage in many types of cancers. In this review, we assess the involvement of miR-144s in several cancer types by illustrating the possible target genes that are related to each cancer, and we also briefly describe the clinical applications of miR-144s as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in cancers.Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 2578 2 of 23 of a mRNA molecule [3]. MiRNAs indicate a new perspective in the study of cancers. More than 50% of miRNA genes were discovered to be located within the genomic regions that are involved in cancers, suggesting their role in human cancer pathogenesis. In pathological conditions, MiRNAs can negatively regulate gene expression and they are associated with tumor growth, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. In the past, several studies have indicated the ability of miRNAs in the inhibition of tumors as a critical option for the improvement of cancer therapy [4,5]. Tumor activator miRNAs, called oncomiRs, are overexpressed in various cancers. On the contrary, suppressive tumor miRNAs are underexpressed [6][7][8]. Among several miRNAs assessed, miR-144s seem to have a role in several cancers. These miRNAs are located in the chromosomal region 17q11.2, being significantly destroyed in many types of cancers. The predicted stem-loop structure of miR-144s recognized by the miRBase (http://mirbase.org/) is shown in Figure 1A. The miR-144 hairpin gives rise to the "guide strand" miR-144-5p and the sister "passenger" strand miR-144-3p ( Figure 1B).

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“…A 68-year-old woman with secondary CNSL achieved a durable remission after CAR T-cell therapy, demonstrating the potential of this therapy in PCNSL. [ 67 ] However, cytokine-related encephalopathy is a fatal complication of CAR T-cell therapy, which has restricted its use in PCNSL.…”

Section: Progress In Salvage Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary central nervous system lymphoma: status and advances in diagnosis, molecular pathogenesis, and treatment

Zhang

Zhou²

2020

Chinese Medical Journal

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Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare group of extra-nodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma which is confined to the central nervous system or eyes. This article aims to present a brief profile of PCNSL diagnosis and treatment in immunocompetent patients. The authors retrieved information from the PubMed database up to September 2019. The annual incidence of PCNSL increased over the last four decades. The prognosis of PCNSL has improved mainly due to the introduction and wide-spread use of high-dose methotrexate, which is now the backbone of all first-line treatment polychemotherapy regimens. Gene expression profiling and next-generation sequencing analyses have revealed mutations that induce activation of nuclear factor-κB, B cell antigen receptor, and Janus kinases/signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins signal pathways. Some novel agents are investigated in the treatment of relapsed PCNSL including immunotherapy and targeted therapy. In particular, lenalidomide and ibrutinib have demonstrated durable efficiency. Treatment of PCNSL has evolved in the last 40 years and survival outcomes have improved in most patient groups, but there is still room to improve outcome by optimizing current chemotherapy and novel agents.

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Primary central nervous system lymphoma

Cited by 57 publications

References 156 publications

A new prognostic score for disease progression and mortality in patients with newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma

A new prognostic score for disease progression and mortality in patients with newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma

MiR-144: A New Possible Therapeutic Target and Diagnostic/Prognostic Tool in Cancers

Primary central nervous system lymphoma: status and advances in diagnosis, molecular pathogenesis, and treatment

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