Primary Care Physicians’ Awareness, Experience and Opinions of Direct‐to‐Consumer Genetic Testing

Powell, Kendall; Cogswell, Whitney A.; Christianson, Carol A.; Dave, Gaurav; Verma, Amit Kumar; Eubanks, Sonja; Henrich, Vincent C.

doi:10.1007/s10897-011-9390-9

Cited by 84 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[16][17][18][19]26 Similar findings were revealed from UK that 80-95% considered PG as beneficial to patients, despite reported gross limited knowledge of PG reflected in only 6% felt well informed about PG; 9 from Malaysia 67% of pharmacists felt that PG is very important in drug safety; 12 these is in agreement with findings from Australia 24 and Nigeria. 20 Recently from Ukraine, 87% of future pharmacists perceived benefits from PG, but only one-third (1/3) of the participants that correctly understood PG and 70% not aware of PG 25 and this is comparable with results from Canada. 23 …”

Section: Attitudes-perceived Benefitssupporting

confidence: 53%

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Concerning Pharmacogenomics among Pharmacists: A Systematic Review

Yau¹,

Aziz²,

Haque³

2015

JYP

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Background: Pharmacists are furnished with expert drug knowledge and have been considered as valuable resource of drug information, therefore, are well positioned to play a leading role in the application of pharmacogenomics (PG) in to clinical practice. This might prevent Chemotherapy related adverse events and improve patient outcomes, despite the ethical, privacy concerns and potential implications of lifelong genetic-data. Methods: This review is to evaluate and digest the various studies on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice concerning pharmacogenomics among pharmacists and to suggest future research areas. 13 English published studies from 2004 to 2014 were selected. Studies involving Pharmacists of different area of practice and covering research from different continents were selected. Only studies on attitudes, knowledge and practice concerning pharmacogenetics among pharmacists from 2004 to 2014, and research articles published in English were selected. Non-research articles, studies done on general public; studies conducted among other healthcare professionals; studies on genetics of diseases or toxicogenetics were excluded. Results: Knowledge and practice regarding pharmacogenetics among pharmacists were poor despite good attitudes. There was knowledge advancement from 38% in 2005 to more than 50% 2013 in some countries. Some barriers to adoption of pharmacogenomics into patient care and interventional recommendations were highlighted. Conclusion: there is an urgent call for additional training of Pharmacogenomics among pharmacists and to incorporate pharmacogenomics into curriculum of pharmacy schools. Pharmacists and future pharmacists should be trained on how to critically evaluate the use, efficacy, and safety of available pharmacogenetic testing.

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Section: Attitudes-perceived Benefitssupporting

confidence: 53%

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Concerning Pharmacogenomics among Pharmacists: A Systematic Review

Yau¹,

Aziz²,

Haque³

2015

JYP

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“…Although a strong public interest in predictive genetic testing has been reported, [16][17][18][19] this is often accompanied by the desire for closer involvement of a medical professional. 16,18,19 A number of studies have examined the knowledge and experience of genetic health professionals [20][21][22] and other health professionals 20,[22][23][24] with DTC-GT. The majority of these studies surveyed health professionals in the USA 20,21,23 with one study sampling another area, the Kanagawa Prefecture of Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploration of genetic health professionals' experience with direct-to-consumer genetic testing in their clinical practice

et al. 2012

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Direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) allows individuals to obtain genetic tests directly from companies without necessarily involving health professionals. This study explores genetic health professionals' opinions of health-related DTC-GT and the reported frequency of individuals presenting to clinical genetics services after undertaking testing. Genetic counsellors and clinical geneticists, members of the Human Genetics Society of Australasia, completed an online survey in mid 2011. The 130 genetic counsellors (estimated response fraction¼43%) and 38 clinical geneticists (estimated response fraction¼46%) had mixed opinions regarding DTC-GT, with only 7% confident in accurately interpreting and explaining DTC-GT results. Nineteen respondents (11%) reported one or more client(s) referred to them after undertaking DTC-GT. Descriptions of 25 clients were extracted from responses, and respondents reported that all clients were concerned for the health of either themselves or family members. Most clients presented to genetic clinics specifically as a result of their DTC-GT (96%) and were self or GP referred (92%). Respondents perceived that their clients typically undertook DTC-GT because they wanted to identify monogenic conditions, including carrier testing and/or know their susceptibility or predisposition for complex conditions (88%). The majority of clients needed help interpreting DTC-GT results (80%), however in general were not questioning the validity of their DTC-GT results (92%) nor seeking further genetic testing (84%). Currently, DTC-GT is not a major reason for referral to clinical genetics services in Australia and New Zealand and the majority of genetic health professionals lack confidence in being able to accurately interpret and explain DTC-GT results. European Journal of Human Genetics (2012) 20, 825-830; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2012.13; published online 8 February 2012Keywords: direct-to-consumer; health professional; genetic testing; genetic counsellor; attitudes INTRODUCTIONMany direct-to-consumer genetic tests (DTC-GT) have unknown clinical validity and utility, 1-3 and their use to assess disease risk is therefore controversial. In addition, the personalised genetic risk information provided by DTC-GT may be interpreted solely by consumers without guidance from appropriate health professionals. For example, in a recent longitudinal cohort study to measure the effects of DTC-GT, only 10.4% of subjects reported discussing their results with one of the genetic counsellors provided by the testing company. 4 Un-informed interpretation of genetic test results may inappropriately heighten health-related anxiety or apathy and subsequently lead to poor life choices; however, this has not been proven. There is also potential for other psychological effects on consumers due to lack of knowledge and support. The long-term demands on health services and impact on health behaviour as a result of DTC-GT are yet to be established.Various publications have identified a number of other issues with ethical, leg...

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“…To date, there is only little information about the attitudes of health care providers toward DTC testing. The few studies that have assessed awareness and attitudes toward DCT genetic testing show limited experience with these tests (Hock et al 2011;Kolor et al 2009;Ohata et al 2009;Powell et al 2012). These studies investigated opinions toward DTC testing as personal genome tests (screening for susceptibility to certain adult onset complex diseases) and not carrier testing through DTC specifically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes of health care professionals toward carrier screening for cystic fibrosis. A review of the literature

2012

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Recent technological developments in molecular genetics facilitate the large-scale detection of inherited genetic disorders and allow an increasing number of genetic conditions to be screened for (American College of Medical Genetics 2012). This technological evolution creates the background which makes reflection necessary about the desirability to offer community-based (preconception) carrier screening in the healthcare system. A positive attitude of potential providers is vital to the success of a screening program. Therefore, the objective of this article is to elaborate a review of the attitudes of healthcare professionals toward carrier screening. Examination of existing carrier screening programs could provide such information. The literature review will be focused on the attitudes toward carrier screening for cystic fibrosis (CF). The databases Pubmed and Web of Science, as well as the interface Google Scholar, were searched using the keywords for the period 1990-2011. Studies were selected if they were published in a peer-reviewed journal in English and described the attitudes of potential providers toward carrier screening. Eleven studies were retrieved describing the attitudes toward carrier screening for CF. In total, seven studies reported attitudes toward the best time for carrier screening; four studies described opinions toward the best setting to offer CF carrier screening; six studies investigated the willingness to be involved in a carrier screening program, and in total 11 articles reported the concerns about offering carrier screening. Ten papers described a general attitude toward carrier screening. We can conclude that health care providers state willingness to be involved in a carrier screening program, but there is need for appropriate education as well as adequate support given the time constraints already present in consultation. The prospect of an increasing number of genetic disorders for which screening becomes possible, and the potential increasing demand for such screening in the future calls for the need for further debate on the desirability of carrier screening and relevant questions such as the conditions screened, the providers involved, the information provision, and counseling.

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Primary Care Physicians’ Awareness, Experience and Opinions of Direct‐to‐Consumer Genetic Testing

Cited by 84 publications

References 25 publications

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Concerning Pharmacogenomics among Pharmacists: A Systematic Review

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Concerning Pharmacogenomics among Pharmacists: A Systematic Review

An exploration of genetic health professionals' experience with direct-to-consumer genetic testing in their clinical practice

Attitudes of health care professionals toward carrier screening for cystic fibrosis. A review of the literature

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