Primary bone sarcomas in KSA: A Saudi tumor registry review

Abstract

Objectives The geographical incidence of tumours is usually influenced by the environment, race, and culture. This study aimed to report the incidence and differences in tumour type, site of origin, and mortality across gender, regions, age, and the different characteristics of tumour types. Methods This retrospective cohort study included all patients diagnosed with primary bone sarcomas from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2017. Frequencies and percentages were generated for categorical variables. Means and standard deviations were calculated for quantitative variables. A chi-squared test was used to detect differences among categorical variables. Student-t, ANOVA, and Tukey tests were used to detect differences among quantitative variables. Lastly, we calculated the incidence of each tumour type. Results Of 451 patients, 248 (55%) had osteosarcomas; 160 (35.5%) had Ewing's sarcoma, and 43 (9.5%) had chondrosarcoma. The incidence was 1.56 cases per 1,000,000 per year for osteosarcoma, 0.95 cases per 1,000,000 per year for Ewing's sarcoma, and 0.27 cases per million per year for chondrosarcoma. The three-year survival rate was 82.30%. Significant differences in tumour type, origin site, and three-year survival across age and gender were detected. Similarly, significant differences were also noted in origin site, grade, basis of diagnosis, and lateralisation across tumour types. Conclusions In our study, the observed bone sarcoma incidence rates were lower than the ones reported worldwide. Understanding the pattern of tumour behaviour in the region will help develop a risk and response-based treatment plan for early decision-making.

Descriptive epidemiology of soft tissue and bone sarcomas in Lebanon

“…The most common primary tumor was osteosarcoma (55%), followed by Ewing’s sarcoma (35.5%) and chondrosarcoma (9.5%). 11 This is similar to the incidence of BS reported in our study in which osteosarcoma (42%) was the most common primary subtype, followed by Ewing’s sarcoma (17%) and chondrosarcoma (14%). Although our number of patients was substantially smaller than that in prior studies, the distribution of tumors among different histological subtypes was similar.…”

“…The MOON study was an observational, multicenter, retrospective patient chart review study that included 200 patients with metastatic STS in the final analysis. 11 – 13 In this study by Memon et al., the most frequent STS localizations were the lower extremities (74%), trunk (28.5%), and upper extremities (10.5%). 12 This is similar to the findings in our study in which the thigh, buttock, and groin were the areas primarily involved, followed by the torso and then the upper extremities.…”

“…Regarding tumor registries or national cancer databases, the MENA region has been lagging, and there are only a few studies related to sarcomas in the literature. 2 , 11 – 13 …”

“…Regarding tumor registries or national cancer databases, the MENA region has been lagging, and there are only a few studies related to sarcomas in the literature. 2,[11][12][13] To date, the most expansive observational study related to STS conducted in the Middle East is the MOON study. The MOON study was an observational, multicenter, retrospective patient chart review study that included 200 patients with metastatic STS in the final analysis.…”

Potential for Using EGFR Expression in Rhabdomyosarcoma, Osteosarcoma and Ewing’s Sarcoma: Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance

“…The data collected by the Saudi Cancer Registry concerning bone sarcoma shows lower incidence rates of pediatric sarcomas than those reported worldwide. It has been thought that factors contributing to this are underreporting by hospitals, a smaller population, and a failure to assess local risk factors (Aljuhani et al, 2021). The prevalence of osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma in patients younger than 18 is a widespread problem in the Middle Eastern, North African, and West Asian regions (Steliarova-Foucher et al, 2017;Basbous et al, 2021).…”