Primary biliary cirrhosis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese patients: Incidence and risk factors

Zhang, Xuexiu; Wang, Lifeng; Jin, Lei; Li, Yuanyuan; Hao, Shuli; Shi, Yan-Chao; Zeng, Qing‐Lei; Li, Zhiwei; Zhang, Zheng; Lau, George; Wang, Fusheng

doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i12.3554

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The annual incidence (%) of HCC in the non‐cirrhotic state (Scheuer's stage Ⅰ~Ⅱ) was 0.26% and that in the pre‐cirrhotic ~cirrhotic state (Scheuer's stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ) was 1.79% (LC vs non‐LC P < 0.001) . The ratio of HCC incidence for stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ/stageⅠ~Ⅱ was 6.88‐fold.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Real impact of liver cirrhosis on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in various liver diseases—meta‐analytic assessment

Tarao¹,

et al. 2019

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Background It is well known that the incidence of developing hepatocelluler carcinoma (HCC) is increased in liver cirrhosis of different etiologies. However, comparison of HCC incidence in various liver diseases has not yet been estimated. We surveyed this comparison. Methods The PubMed database was examined (1989‐2017) for studies published in English language regarding the prospective follow‐up results for the development of HCC in various liver diseases. A meta‐analysis was performed for each liver disease. Results The annual incidence (%) of HCC in the non‐cirrhotic stage and cirrhotic stage, and the ratio of HCC incidence in the cirrhotic stage/non‐cirrhotic stage were as follows. (a) hepatitis B virus liver disease: 0.37%→3.23% (8.73‐fold), (b) hepatitis C virus liver diseases: 0.68%→4.81% (7.07‐fold), (c) primary biliary cholangitis (0.26%→1.79%, 6.88‐fold), (d) autoimmune hepatitis (0.19%→0.53%, 2.79‐fold), and (e) NASH (0.03%→1.35%, 45.00‐fold). Regarding primary hemochromatosis and alcoholic liver diseases, only follow‐up studies in the cirrhotic stage were presented, 1.20% and 2.06%, respectively. Conclusions When the liver diseases advance to cirrhosis, the incidence of HCC is markedly increased. The development of HCC must be closely monitored by ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography, irrespective of the different kinds of liver diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Real impact of liver cirrhosis on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in various liver diseases—meta‐analytic assessment

Tarao¹,

et al. 2019

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“…Symptoms of HCC include yellow skin, bloating from fluid in the abdomen, easy bruising from blood clotting abnormalities, loss of appetite, unintentional weight loss, nausea, vomiting and tiredness ( 5 , 6 ). The primary risk factors for HCC were hepatitis C, hepatitis B, alcoholism, aflatoxin and cirrhosis of the liver ( 7 – 10 ). Liver transplantation, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and surgical resection are currently the primary treatment options ( 11 – 13 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening therapeutic targets of ribavirin in hepatocellular carcinoma

Luo

et al. 2018

Oncol Lett

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The objective of the present study was to screen the key genes of ribavirin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and provide novel therapeutic targets for HCC treatment. The mRNA expression datasets of GSE23031 and GSE74656, as well as the microRNA (miRNA) expression dataset of GSE22058 were downloaded from the Gene Expressed Omnibus database. In the GSE23031 dataset, there were three HCC cell lines treated with PBS and three HCC cell lines treated with ribavirin. In the GSE74656 dataset, five HCC tissues and five carcinoma adjacent tissues were selected. In the GSE22058 dataset, 96 HCC tissues and 96 carcinoma adjacent tissues were selected. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs were identified via the limma package of R. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed with the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. The target mRNAs of DEMs were obtained with TargetScan. A total of 559 DEGs (designated DEG-Ribavirin) were identified in HCC cells treated with ribavirin compared with PBS and 632 DEGs (designated DEG-Tumor) were identified in HCC tissues compared with carcinoma adjacent tissues. A total of 220 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in HCC tissues compared with carcinoma adjacent tissues. In addition, 121 GO terms and three KEGG pathways of DEG-Ribavirin were obtained, and 383 GO terms and 25 KEGG pathways of DEG-Tumor were obtained. A total of five key miRNA-mRNA regulated pairs were identified, namely miR-183→CCNB1, miR-96→DEPDC1, miR-96→NTN4, miR-183→NTN4 and miR-145→NTN4. The present study indicated that certain miRNAs (including miR-96, miR-145 and miR-183) and mRNAs (including NAT2, FBXO5, CCNB1, DEPDC1 and NTN4) may be associated with the effects of ribavirin on HCC. Furthermore, they may provide novel therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.

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“…It is by no means uncommon for PBC patients to suffer from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)[66-69]. Of two retrospective studies in China, one demonstrated an incidence of HCC in PBC patients of 4.13% (52/1255)[66], while the other found it to be 3.75% (70/1865)[67]; this incidence was observably higher in men (9.52%) than in women (3.31%)[66].…”

Section: Fat-soluble Vitamin Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of two retrospective studies in China, one demonstrated an incidence of HCC in PBC patients of 4.13% (52/1255)[66], while the other found it to be 3.75% (70/1865)[67]; this incidence was observably higher in men (9.52%) than in women (3.31%)[66]. Risk factors for PBC-related HCC in China for the two studies were found to be body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25, male sex and a history of drinking alcohol for the first study[66] and age > 54 years, male sex, co-existence of diabetes, and previous hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection for the second study[67]. A retrospective Japanese study found the incidence of HCC in PBC patients to be 5.2% (11/210), with the only risk factor for PBC-associated HCC being associated with advanced histological stage[68].…”

Section: Fat-soluble Vitamin Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of primary biliary cholangitis

Huang¹

2016

WJH

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Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), formerly referred to as primary biliary cirrhosis, is an infrequent progressive intrahepatic cholestatic autoimmune illness that can evolve into hepatic fibrosis, hepatic cirrhosis, hepatic failure, and, in some cases, hepatocellular carcinoma. The disease itself is characterized by T-lymphocyte-mediated chronic non-suppurative destructive cholangitis and elevated serum levels of extremely specific anti-mitochondrial autoantibodies (AMAs). In this article, we will not only review epidemiology, risk factors, natural history, predictive scores, radiologic approaches (e.g., acoustic radiation force impulse imaging, vibration controlled transient elastography, and magnetic resonance elastography), clinical features, serological characteristics covering biochemical markers, immunoglobulins, infections markers, biomarkers, predictive fibrosis marker, specific antibodies (including AMAs such as AMA-M2), anti-nuclear autoantibodies [such as anti-multiple nuclear dot autoantibodies (anti-sp100, PML, NDP52, anti-sp140), anti-rim-like/membranous anti-nuclear autoantibodies (anti-gp210, anti-p62), anti-centromere autoantibodies, and some of the novel autoantibodies], histopathological characteristics of PBC, diagnostic advances, and anti-diastole of PBC. Furthermore, this review emphasizes the recent advances in research of PBC in terms of therapies, including ursodeoxycholic acid, budesonide, methotrexate, obeticholic acid, cyclosporine A, fibrates such as bezafibrate and fenofibrate, rituximab, mesenchymal stem cells transplant, and hepatic transplant. Currently, hepatic transplant remains the only optimal choice with acknowledged treatment efficiency for end-stage PBC patients.

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Primary biliary cirrhosis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese patients: Incidence and risk factors

Abstract: HCC is not rare in Chinese PBC patients. Risk factors for PBC-associated HCC include BMI ≥ 25 and a history of alcohol intake. In addition to regular monitoring, PBC patients may benefit from abstinence from alcohol and body weight control.

Cited by 36 publications

References 46 publications

Real impact of liver cirrhosis on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in various liver diseases—meta‐analytic assessment

Real impact of liver cirrhosis on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in various liver diseases—meta‐analytic assessment

Screening therapeutic targets of ribavirin in hepatocellular carcinoma

Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of primary biliary cholangitis

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