Primary Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma of the Nasal Cavity: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma occurring in the nasal cavity is a rare disease. The latest World Health Organization (WHO) Classification recognizes three distinct subtypes: primary systemic anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive been our case, primary systemic anaplastic lymphoma kinase negative and primary cutaneous types. Through this case study, we focus on the clinical presentation, treatment and prognostic characteristics of this pathology. Case Presentation: We report the case of a patient aged 32 years, who presented for seven months a runny nose associated with swelling of the face on the left side, without peripheral lymphadenopathy or general signs. A Blondeau scanner objectified a total filling of the frontal and left maxillary sinus, and a filling of the left nasal cavity. Complete resection of the tumor was performed. Histological examination was in favor of anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive. The patient was stage IE according to Ann Arbor classification, with an International Prognostic Index estimated at one. Thus, the patient received six cycles of CHOP chemotherapy. Currently, he is in good loco-regional control with a decline of three months. Conclusion: The rarity of this case lies partly in the lymphomatous localization in the nasal cavity, and secondly in the anaplastic histology. It poses a diagnostic problem. So, we conclude that in case of any symptom of nasal cavities, it is necessary to explore and possibly biopsy if tumor, before surgery, because lymphomas are chemosensitive disease.

ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Diagnostic Dilemma for the Otolaryngologist in a Resource Poor Setting

“…The diagnosis of ALK-positive ALCL presenting in an adult with a nasopharyngeal mass and cervical lymphadenopathy is rare. Based on our review of the literature, this is the third reported case, and the two previously described cases occurred in young women of Asian descent [ 1 , 8 ].…”

“…Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) was first described by Stein et al in 1985 as a peripheral T cell lymphoma [ 1 , 2 ]. Previously unrecognized, this lymphoma is uniquely characterized by the cohesive proliferation of large pleomorphic lymphoid cells expressing CD 30 [ 3 , 4 ].…”