Primary Amentia and Micro-Orchidism Associated With an Xxxy Sex-Chromosome Constitution

Ferguson-Smith, Malcolm A.; Johnston, Alan; Handmaker, StanleyD.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(60)91329-5

Cited by 126 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…, Ferguson-Smith et al (1960),Ferrier and Ferrier (1968),Fraccaro et al (1962),Garcia et al (1967), Greenstein et al (1970,Hayek et al (1971),Herbeuval et al (1965),Jancar (1968),Knorr et al. (1966), Lecluse-Van der Bilt et al (1974),Lindsten et al (1966),Lisker et al (1970),Luciani et al (1969),Moric-Petrovic et al (1973),Muller et al (1967), Nicolis et al (1972,Palutke et al (1973),,,Pfeiffer (1962), Prader et al (1964,Robinson et al (1964), Sachsse et al (1967,Scherz and Roeckel (1963),Schlegel et al (1965),Sebaoun et al (1969),Shapiro et al (1970),Shiono (1969),Simpson et al (1974), Sperling et al (1973,Tipton et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Disorders with Associated Dermatoglyphic Abnormalities

Schaumann

Alter

1976

Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorders

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Disorders with Associated Dermatoglyphic Abnormalities

Schaumann

Alter

1976

Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorders

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“…The penis is small, the testes are impalpable, and the scrotum is rudimentary. Skeletal anomalies consist of kyphosis, lordosis, and radio-ulnar synostosis-also reported in a triplo-X,Y male (Ferguson-Smith et al, 1960). In most of the cases the little finger curves in.…”

Section: Xxxxy Syndromementioning

confidence: 91%

Intersexual States and Allied Conditions

Bishop¹

1966

BMJ

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“…This conjunction of two syndromes and their chromosomal causes, made visible by the new techniques of cytogenetics, was celebrated as a major triumph of human genetics. 83 As more patients with multiple X chromosomes were discovered, Barr and his interlocutors became convinced that Ohno's theory, of one sex chromatin as one X chromosome, would resolve the general pattern where the number of sex chromatin equaled the number of X chromosomes present minus one (see Fig. 76 Barr also recognized the implications of these developments.…”

Section: Re-identifying the Identifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing Sex Chromatin

Ha¹

2014

Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences

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In 1949, Canadian anatomist Murray Barr announced the discovery of a peculiar entity in the cell nucleus that was present in females and absent in males. The identity of this entity remained uncertain for a decade even though Barr hypothesized a relationship between it and the sex chromosomes and called it the ''sex chromatin.'' This hypothesis inspired the development of the chromatin into a technology that could indicate ''chromosomal'' or ''genetic'' sex, which supposedly established male and female sex difference as a binary and fundamental characteristic of humans and other animals at conception. Barr collaborated with other researchers and potential patients who applied the sex chromatin test, hoping that it could identify the ''true'' sex of intersexuals, homosexuals, and transsexuals. Ironically, the application of the test to intersexuals would lead to a revision of the identity of the sex chromatin itself. The history of the sex chromatin illuminates how the significance and essence of this laboratory object evolved with its use as a clinical and research tool. Researchers had hoped that the test would sort the intersex into just two categories, male and female. Instead, the sex chromatin helped to multiply categories of the intersex, distinguished them from inverts, underpinned psychosocial gender as a new dimension of sex difference, and in the process had its own identity refashioned. Today, we call it the Barr body and its story reminds us of the power and limit of biotechnologies to determine who we are.

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Primary Amentia and Micro-Orchidism Associated With an Xxxy Sex-Chromosome Constitution

Cited by 126 publications

References 9 publications

Medical Disorders with Associated Dermatoglyphic Abnormalities

Medical Disorders with Associated Dermatoglyphic Abnormalities

Intersexual States and Allied Conditions

Diagnosing Sex Chromatin

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