Primary Affective Disorder, Drug Abuse, and Neuropsychological Impairment in Sober Alcoholics

Clark, David; Pisani, Vincent D.; Aagesen, Carl A.; Sellers, Donald; Fawcett, Jan

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1984.tb05687.x

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Somewhat more probable explanations for the failure to find an association between depression and cognitive impairment include differences between our study and previous studies in the types of cognitive outcome measures used, the manner in which depression was conceptualized and assessed, and the types of comparison groups employed. The present findings do, however, replicate previous studies demonstrating nonsignificant associations between depression and cognitive functioning among psychiatric (Braff, Glick & Griffin, 1983) and co-morbid psychiatric and substance-abusing patients (Clark et al, 1984;Hasin & Grant, 1987). The fact that each of the aforementioned studies employed the SILS and BDI as indicators of cognitive impairment and depression, respectively, suggests that further research is needed to ascertain the utility of these measures for assessing the association between affect and cognitive/neuropsychological performance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Cognitive impairment among the dually‐diagnosed: substance use history and depressive symptom correlates

Carpenter

Hittner

1997

Addiction

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The present study examined the effects of substance use history and depressive symptomatology on the cognitive functioning of 149 male and 72 female dually diagnosed inpatients. Logistic regression models examined the effects of life-time alcohol and cocaine use, previous month's alcohol and cocaine use and depression on abstract reasoning as assessed by the Shipley Institute of Living Scale (SILS) and neuropsychological functioning as measured by the Screening Test for the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (ST-LNNB). Results indicated differential effects of substance use across the two cognitive outcome measures. Specifically, a significant relationship was demonstrated for previous month's alcohol use on Shipley classification. However, after adjusting for possible borderline cases, previous month's alcohol use dropped to non-significance and in its stead an association between Shipley classification and life-time use was demonstrated. No significant effects were demonstrated for cocaine use, recent alcohol use, depressive symptoms or any of the interaction terms. The Luria-Nebraska performance classifications were significantly associated with both educational level and life-time cocaine use. No significant relationships were obtained for previous month's cocaine use, the alcohol use variables, depressive symptoms, or any of the interactions terms. The degree of classification agreement between the two outcome measures was slightly better than chance (kappa = 0.24 for ST-LNNB and traditional or full scale SILS; kappa = 0.35 for ST-LNNB and modified SILS). These kappa coefficients suggest that the SILS and ST-LNNB assess partially independent dimensions of cognitive functioning. The findings are discussed in light of previous research and implications for clinical assessment and treatment are outlined.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Cognitive impairment among the dually‐diagnosed: substance use history and depressive symptom correlates

Carpenter

Hittner

1997

Addiction

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“…Diagnoses were made by applying DSM-I11 criteria retrospectively to chart material collected largely in the several years immediately preceding DSM-ID. The frequency of affective disorders in Finlayson's series is higher than that reported for nonalcoholic elderly persons in the community (Regier et al, 1988), but well within the range of rates reported in younger recently admitted alcoholic inpatients (8-56%) (Cadoret & Winokur, 1972;Clark, Pisani, Aagesen, Sellers, & Fawcett, 1984;Keeler, Taylor, & Miller, 1979;Woodruff, Guze, Clayton, & Carr 1973).…”

Section: Associated Featuressupporting

confidence: 57%

Aging and Alcohol Use Disorders: Diagnostic Issues in the Elderly

Atkinson

1990

Int. Psychogeriatr.

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Alcohol use and use disorders in older people tend to be hidden and ignored by clinicians and scholars. Resulting misinformation about elderly alcohol problems can be found in such fundamental works as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition, revised. Yet, an extensive literature about the nature of geriatric alcohol problems has developed recently. This article reviews that literature, comments on current research at several North American centers, and offers some new information from the author's study of more than 300 older male alcoholics. Many findings remain to be replicated and further verified. Nonetheless, several coherent strands of information seem to be well substantiated: (a) problem drinking in the elderly constitutes a public health problem of moderate proportion, especially in men; (b) most signs predict increasing problem drinking in coming generations of elderly women and men; (c) many cases of geriatric alcoholism have late onset; (d) many geriatric cases are not properly identified; and (e) present screening and diagnostic methods for alcohol use disorders lack adequate validation for older persons.

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“…Individuals with deficits were told that re-training was often possible and suitable protocols would be integrated into group and individual treatment approaches. It was also emphasised that the longer an individual remains abstinent from alcohol and/or drugs, the • greater the possibility of regaining lost cognitive functioning, and, therefore, improving scores on re-test (Clark, Pisani & Aagesen, 1984;Mueser et al, 1992). The number and severity of impairment in the younger members was an unexpected finding in this study and suggests greater disruption of social and occupational functioning (along with implications for benefit and need of treatment) (Henry & Coster, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Cognitive impairments in clients with dual diagnosis (chronic psychotic disorders and substance abuse): considerations for treatment

Harrison

Precin

1996

Occupation Therapy Intl

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Primary Affective Disorder, Drug Abuse, and Neuropsychological Impairment in Sober Alcoholics

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Cognitive impairment among the dually‐diagnosed: substance use history and depressive symptom correlates

Cognitive impairment among the dually‐diagnosed: substance use history and depressive symptom correlates

Aging and Alcohol Use Disorders: Diagnostic Issues in the Elderly

Cognitive impairments in clients with dual diagnosis (chronic psychotic disorders and substance abuse): considerations for treatment

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