Primary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Skene's Glands

Ali, Syed Z.; Smilari, Thom F.; Gal, David; Lovecchio, John L.; Teichberg, Saul

doi:10.1006/gyno.1995.1137

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…However, in other cases, putative female prostate diseases are misdiagnosed as other gynecological or urinary conditions. Studies with women have shown that this gland might develop lesions such as cysts (Fathi and Pinter, ; Ejnès et al, ; Sharifi‐Aghdas and Ghaderian, ), hyperplasia (Biancardi et al, ), and adenocarcinoma (Taylor et al, ; Dodson et al, ; Ali et al, ; Sloboda et al, ; Reis et al, ). Although female prostate lesion cases are rare, these reports are important to reveal that this gland is a potential target for the development of diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female prostate: historical, developmental, and morphological perspectives

Biancardi

Santos

Carvalho

et al. 2017

Cell Biology International

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The female prostate was first described by Reijnier de Graaf in 1672, and even after several years this gland is still a matter of controversy. Part of this is because the biological function of this female gland is unclear. Moreover, when compared with the male prostate, the existence of this organ in females does not make sense, mainly when we consider that the major function of this gland is to produce a secretion that is responsible for guarantee the sperm survival and assure the reproductive success. However, even under a controversy field, we now have a lot of scientific information which enhances our knowledge of several important biological aspects of this gland. It is clear that this gland is found in some female mammals including humans, rodents, rabbits, bats, and dogs. Several studies with rodents showed that the female prostate is homolog of the male prostate, showing strong macroscopic and microscopic similarities with the ventral lobe of males. Besides these aspects, there are several studies reporting that diseases such as cysts, hyperplasia, and carcinoma may affect the female prostate. Therefore, although diseases involving the female prostate are rare, the susceptibility of this organ to develop lesions must be considered, especially in our recent years in which the exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals has greatly increased. Finally, further studies will be necessary to enhance our understanding about this gland, mainly of the developmental, evolutionary, and biological functions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female prostate: historical, developmental, and morphological perspectives

Biancardi

Santos

Carvalho

et al. 2017

Cell Biology International

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“…Occasional adenocarcinomas and adenoid cystic carcinomas derived from periurethral Skene's glands have also been reported (13,14). Primary urethral carcinomas are rare and most are transitional in type.…”

Section: Serous Carcinoma Of the Urethra Or Urethral Diverticulummentioning

confidence: 96%

Primary High-grade Serous Carcinoma Arising in the Urethra or Urethral Diverticulum

Flynn

Oxley²,

McCullagh³

et al. 2013

International Journal of Gynecological Pathology

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Serous carcinomas most commonly arise within the uterine corpus or ovary/fallopian tube, but there are 2 prior case reports of primary vaginal serous carcinoma. We report 2 examples of high-grade serous carcinoma arising within the urethra or a urethral diverticulum (1 case each). Both neoplasms exhibited the classic morphologic features of high-grade serous carcinoma, and a combination of clinical, radiologic, and pathologic examination excluded other possible sites of primary neoplasm.

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“…In addition to the biological and behavioral implications mentioned previously, the main focus of interest about the female prostate comes from its capacity of developing several lesions during aging [11]. Recent works have described the occurrence of cancers of the urethra, whose origin is the female prostate [10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Furthermore, there is evidence that other prostatic lesions, such as prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia, can occur in the female prostate with the same level of severity observed in the male prostate [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antiestrogen Therapies Affect Tissue Homeostasis of the Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) Female Prostate and Ovaries1

Santos

Custódio

Campos

et al. 2008

Biology of Reproduction

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The present work aims to evaluate the response of the adult gerbil female prostate (paraurethral glands) and ovaries to short-term exposure to antiestrogenic agents, consisting of daily oral doses of letrozole (1 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) or intradermal doses of tamoxifen (1 mg/kg) every other day for 21 days. The serum levels of testosterone and estradiol were monitored, and the prostates and ovaries collected for structural, ultrastructural, and immunocytochemical analyses. The letrozole treatment resulted in increases of serum testosterone levels and secretory activity as well as in glandular hyperplasia and dysplastic growth, simulating the effects caused by the exogenous androgens. The effects caused by tamoxifen indicate that this endocrine agent acted as an estrogenic agonist on the prostate, causing glandular hypertrophy, secretory activity decrease, and the development of prostatic lesions. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the letrozole and tamoxifen therapies result in a series of complex effects that endanger the physiology of hormone-dependent organs, including the female prostate and ovaries. The hormonal imbalance caused by administration of these drugs resulted in considerable changes in prostatic morphology, in a manner very similar to what occurs during the development of prostatic lesions in aged postmenopausal women. Thus, these therapies must be chosen carefully since long-term treatments can result in female prostate dysplasic lesions.

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Primary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Skene's Glands

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Female prostate: historical, developmental, and morphological perspectives

Female prostate: historical, developmental, and morphological perspectives

Primary High-grade Serous Carcinoma Arising in the Urethra or Urethral Diverticulum

Antiestrogen Therapies Affect Tissue Homeostasis of the Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) Female Prostate and Ovaries1

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