Prices, use restrictions and electronic cigarette use—evidence from wave 1 (2016) US data of the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey

Abstract

Background: Our study explores the relationships between cigarette smoking and nicotine vaping product (NVP) use in the US by emphasizing the role of explicit (i.e., price) and implicit (i.e., use restrictions in public places) costs of nicotine products. We investigate the associations between prices, use restrictions in public places and use patterns of cigarettes and NVPs (i.e. NVP use, concurrent use, and complete switch to NVPs). Design/Methods: Data came from the Wave 1 (2016) US data of the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey (ITC US 4CV1) and Nielsen Scanner Track database. A multiple logistic regression model was applied to estimate the likelihoods of NVP use (vaping at least monthly), cigarette/NVP concurrent use (vaping and smoking at least monthly), and switch from cigarettes to NVPs (had quit smoking < 24 months and currently vape) among ever smokers, conditioning upon cigarette/NVP prices, use restrictions and socio-demographics. Results: Living in places where vaping is allowed in smoke-free areas was significantly associated with an increase in the likelihood of vaping (Marginal Effect, M.E. = 0.17; p<0.05) and the concurrent use of cigarettes and NVPs (M.E. = 0.11; p<0.05). Higher NVP prices were associated with decreased likelihood of NVP use, concurrent use, and complete switch (P>0.05). Higher cigarette prices were associated with greater likelihood of cigarette and NVP concurrent use (P>0.05). Working in places where vaping is banned is associated with lower likelihood of vaping and NVP and cigarette concurrent use (P>0.05). Conclusions: Higher NVP prices and vaping restrictions in public places were associated with less NVP use and less concurrent use of vaping and smoking. Public policies that work to increase the prices paid for vaping devices and supplies (i.e., regulations, taxes) and restrict where vaping is allowed are likely to suppress vaping as an alternative to cigarettes.

Costs of vaping: evidence from ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey

“…Among them, the relatively lower cost of vaping compared with smoking is thought to be a key factor. Recent evidence suggests that NVP use and sales are price-sensitive, such that an increase of NVP price is associated with a decrease in NVP sales and use prevalence 3–7. In addition to being sensitive to its own price, NVP sales and use are sensitive to the prices of other nicotine products.…”

A cost-utility analysis of the impact of electronic nicotine delivery systems on health care costs and outcomes in Canada

“…Although our results suggest that restricting access to ENDS, either through a complete ban or through a prescription-based system, would be cost effective, factors such as equity and feasibility need to be considered. Alternative policy tools such as increased taxation 49 and strict marketing regulations have been shown to impact ENDS use. Further research should focus on determining the ideal policy mix that would achieve a balance between reducing ENDS-associated smoking initiation and offering support as a smoking cessation tool.…”

Determinan Pengeluaran Rokok Elektrik di Kota Bandung

“…Hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 variabel yang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada pengeluaran konsumen rokok elektrik di kota Bandung yaitu harga alat isap rokok elektrik, motivasi penggunaan rokok elektrik dan jumlah rasa cairan rokok elektrik. Sedangkan variabel yang berpengaruh negatif adalah pengetahuan resiko rokok elektrik dan status penggunaan rokok konvensional setelah menggunakan rokok elektrik (Cheng et al 2019) Variabel motivasi penggunaan rokok elektrik juga memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah pengeluaran rokok elektrik per bulannya. Sebanyak 108 orang responden atau sebesar 54% menggunakan rokok elektrik agar dapat berhenti merokok konvensional.…”