“Price to Pay for Being Alive”: Coping with the Post-Operative Demands in Heart Transplantation

Abstract

Introduction: Understanding the problems experienced and coping strategies used after the heart transplantation, health care providers may help heart transplant recipients' adaptation to the postoperative period and consequently improve their quality of life. However, there is little qualitative evidence on how heart transplant recipients develop coping strategies and adapt to postoperative life. Aim:The aims of the study were a) to identify the physical and psychosocial problems experienced by heart transplant recipients and b) to identify coping strategies used by heart transplant recipients. Methods:A grounded theory research approach was used in data collection and analysis for studying heart transplant recipients' experience. The participants in this study were 42 heart transplant recipients. The data were gathered by taped, unstructured, in-depth interviews. Constant comparison analysis was used to interpret the data. Findings:Four categories developed from the data analysis, namely: "traumatic experience" "that's a small price to pay for being alive" "somebody else's heart inside me" and "coping". The central or core category, "That's a small price for being alive Vs Too big a price to pay for being alive" emerged and was the main theme around which other categories were integrated. Further interpretation of findings led to the development of a theory entitled "Price to pay for being alive: Coping with the post-operative demands in Heart Transplantation". Conclusion:The theory developed within the frame of this study offers an extension of Moos' Crisis Theory, and applies his basic concepts of major life crises and transitions with adaptations, to heart transplant patients. One such adaptation is the assertion that the factors that influence how adaptively an individual copes with a heart transplant crisis are different from any other health crisis.

Integration Process With a Donated Heart

“…Therefore, an in-depth study of psychological factors that may affect the lives of transplant recipients is essential for the overall improvement of patients' quality of life. 7 In addition to the psychological and emotional challenges, the participants reported additional concerns such as physical, financial, and social problems experienced after transplantation. The results of previous studies that examined patients' experiences after heart transplantation also showed that the recipients' stress was due to posttransplant sufferings such as purchasing medicines, taking immunosuppressive drugs, and the family's financial problems.…”

“…In fact, the heart transplant process has a significant emotional impact on recipients because they have to adapt to a double challenge of losing their heart and accepting the donor's heart. Therefore, an in-depth study of psychological factors that may affect the lives of transplant recipients is essential for the overall improvement of patients' quality of life 7 …”

“…After a heart transplant, the recipient may undergo new and sometimes contradictory experiences such as depression, relaxation, despair, and, sometimes, a more intense sense of spirituality 6 . Although patients may experience improved physical functions after a heart transplant, they are more likely to undergo new emotional changes and face psychological challenges that affect their quality of life and posttransplant survival 7 . The results of studies have shown that approximately 30% of recipients face emotional issues and identity challenges that affect their posttransplant health and recovery 8,9 .…”

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“…6 Although patients may experience improved physical functions after a heart transplant, they are more likely to undergo new emotional changes and face psychological challenges that affect their quality of life and posttransplant survival. 7 The results of studies have shown that approximately 30% of recipients face emotional issues and identity challenges that affect their posttransplant health and recovery. 8,9 Psychologically, heart transplantation means more than just surgery for patients because they feel shame, agony, and guilt for waiting for the death of a person who is a candidate for organ donation due to an illness, suicide, or an accident.…”