Price control as a strategy for pharmaceutical cost containment—What has been achieved in Norway in the period 1994–2004?

Håkonsen, Helle; Horn, Anne Marie; Toverud, Else‐Lydia

doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2008.09.018

Cited by 62 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to the feature of the competition in drug market, governments must balance both clinical and economic interests [2]. The pharmaceutical sector plays an important role in the medical and health system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical supply chain in China: Current issues and implications for health system reform

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical supply chain in China: Current issues and implications for health system reform

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Overall, available literature on the impact of EPR is limited [41,48]. Evaluations focused on cost-containment, showing how EPR was able to contribute to savings under specific conditions [21,[58][59][60][61], whereas aspects such as availability and uptake have not been sufficiently addressed. One study showed that, using a limited sample of new patented medicines, EPR-applying countries had, in general, lower list prices than countries not using EPR [60].…”

Section: External Price Referencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Can Pricing and Reimbursement Policies Improve Affordable Access to Medicines? Lessons Learned from European Countries

Vogler

Paris

Ferrario

et al. 2017

Appl Health Econ Health Policy

135

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key points for Decision Makers: European countries apply different pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement policies. These policies are frequently assessed against their financial consequences and their ability to contain costs but less so in terms of access to medicines. Policies should be accompanied by regular evaluations, facilitated by the use of the appropriate methodology and access to the relevant data. There appears to be a need for additional changes beyond traditional pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement policies. Collaborative approaches (e.g. between countries or between regulatory authorities, pricing and reimbursement agencies) and more transparency in terms of real medicine prices, R+D costs and medicines in the pipeline are considered as possible pathways for the future. AbstractThe paper discusses pharmaceutical pricing and reimbursement policies in European countries with regard to their ability to ensure affordable access to medicines. A frequently applied pricing policy is external price referencing. While it provides some benchmark for policy-makers and has shown to be able to generate savings, it may also contribute to delay in product launch in countries where medicine prices are low. Value-based pricing has been proposed as a policy that promotes access while rewarding useful innovation, however implementing it has proven quite challenging. For high-priced medicines, managed-entry agreements are increasingly used. These agreements allow policy-makers to manage uncertainty and obtain lower prices. They can also facilitate earlier market access in case of limited evidence about added therapeutic value of the medicine. However, these agreements raise transparency concerns due to the confidentiality clause. Tendering as used in the 2 hospital and offpatent outpatient sectors has proven to reduce medicine prices but it requires a robust framework and appropriate design with clear strategic goals in order to prevent shortages. These pricing and reimbursement policies are supplemented by the widespread use of Health Technology Assessment to inform decision-making, and by strategies to improve the uptake of generics, and also biosimilars. While European countries have been implementing a set of policy options, there is a lack of thorough impact assessments of several pricing and reimbursement policies on affordable access. Increased cooperation between authorities, experience sharing, and improving transparency on price information, including the disclosure of confidential discounts, are opportunities to address current challenges.3

show abstract

“…In Norway, reference pricing applied from 1993 until the end of 2000. In 2003, the Norwegian government installed a system called 'index pricing' to a set of off-patent medicines, which has many resemblances with a reference pricing system [3,4]. Reference pricing is in many European countries combined with other Introduction: A reference pricing system is a system that establishes a common reimbursement level or reference price for a group of interchangeable medicines, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference pricing systems in Europe: characteristics and consequences

Dylst¹

2012

GaBI J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Price control as a strategy for pharmaceutical cost containment—What has been achieved in Norway in the period 1994–2004?

Cited by 62 publications

References 27 publications

Pharmaceutical supply chain in China: Current issues and implications for health system reform

Pharmaceutical supply chain in China: Current issues and implications for health system reform

How Can Pricing and Reimbursement Policies Improve Affordable Access to Medicines? Lessons Learned from European Countries

Reference pricing systems in Europe: characteristics and consequences

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About