“…The importance of assessing the efficiency of the water industry is specially marked in England and Wales where it has come to be an important part of the process of determining the price of the water for urban uses (Cubbin, 2005). In this context, some empirical applications have mainly focused on analysing the impact of the privatization and regulation in productivity (or cost), price performance and/or profitability growth of the water industry (see, for instance, Ashton, 2000;Saal & Parker, 2000, 2001Thanassoulis, 2000;Bottasso & Conti, 2003, 2009a, 2009bErbetta & Cave, 2007;Saal et al, 2007;Maziotis et al, 2009Maziotis et al, , 2012Portela et al, 2011).…”