Prey tell: what quillback rockfish early life history traits reveal about their survival in encounters with juvenile coho salmon

Fennie, H. William; Sponaugle, Su; Daly, EA; Brodeur, Richard D.

doi:10.3354/meps13300

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…This covariance in growth rates may be the mechanism by which faster growth in freshwater carries over to higher survival during early marine residence. The preferential survival of faster growing individuals is often attributed to the survival advantage gained by reaching larger sizes sooner (Takahashi et al 2012, Fennie et al 2020, Khamassi et al 2020. Thus, if fish are able to attain faster growth rates in freshwater and maintain these growth rates in the marine environment, size in the ocean may be the trait on which selection pressures directly act.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used a linear mixed model approach in R (package 'lme4'; Pinheiro et al 2021) to assess whether differences in otolith increment widths (as a proxy for growth rates) (Weisberg et al 2010, Morrongiello et al 2015, Fennie et al 2020) existed among our fixed effects of sampling site and year. We included individual fish identity in the models as a random effect.…”

Section: Size Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most parsimonious model, based on having the lowest Akaike's information criterion values, did not include a random slope term, which was then excluded from the final model. Due to the inherent autocorrelation of consecutive increment measurements on the same otolith, we incorporated a first-order autoregressive correlation structure into the model (Weisberg et al 2010, Fennie et al 2020. The structure of the model was: site + year + site × year | random intercept + autocorrelation.…”

Section: Size Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Freshwater growth can provide a survival advantage to Interior Columbia River spring Chinook salmon after ocean entry

Norrie

Morgan

Burke

et al. 2022

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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A prerequisite to effectively managing fish populations is to understand what factors and processes, including predation and changing environments, affect the survival of individuals. In anadromous fishes, the transition from freshwater to marine habitats is considered a critical period regulating population abundance due to high and variable mortality rates. During this period, conditions experienced in freshwater may influence size- and growth-selective mortality in the ocean. To determine if size- or growth-selective mortality occurred in juvenile Interior Columbia River spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha as they migrated through the Lower Columbia River and Estuary (LCRE) and during early marine residence, we examined 2 cohorts in years with differing survival (2016 and 2017). We reconstructed the size and growth of individual Chinook salmon from otoliths and compared these attributes in fish caught at 4 sites in the LCRE to those caught in the ocean off Oregon and Washington. We observed evidence of growth-selective mortality in 2017 but not 2016. Specifically, in 2017, when overall survival was lower, individuals caught in the ocean grew significantly faster in freshwater than individuals caught in the estuary. Given that the fish had resided in the ocean for an average of 30 d, these results indicate growth-selective mortality in 2017 occurred soon after ocean entry. The finding that growth in freshwater may impact marine survival adds to the growing body of evidence that processes occurring both prior to and after ocean entry impact the marine survival of this species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Size Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Size Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Freshwater growth can provide a survival advantage to Interior Columbia River spring Chinook salmon after ocean entry

Norrie

Morgan

Burke

et al. 2022

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…By including the biologically relevant growth response into the stress-scape, we could distinguish temperatures that were high enough to negatively impact growth rate from temperatures that were conducive to ideal growth. The utility of dynamic stress-scapes in capturing non-linear growth patterns could be expanded to include more complex biological patterns as indicators of changing ocean conditions, such as those associated with prey quality and quantity (e.g., Daly et al, 2017), predation (e.g., Fennie et al, 2020), or metabolic rate (e.g., Chung et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dynamic Stress-Scape Framework to Evaluate Potential Effects of Multiple Environmental Stressors on Gulf of Alaska Juvenile Pacific Cod

et al. 2021

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Quantifying the spatial and temporal footprint of multiple environmental stressors on marine fisheries is imperative to understanding the effects of changing ocean conditions on living marine resources. Pacific Cod (Gadus macrocephalus), an important marine species in the Gulf of Alaska ecosystem, has declined dramatically in recent years, likely in response to extreme environmental variability in the Gulf of Alaska related to anomalous marine heatwave conditions in 2014–2016 and 2019. Here, we evaluate the effects of two potential environmental stressors, temperature variability and ocean acidification, on the growth of juvenile Pacific Cod in the Gulf of Alaska using a novel machine-learning framework called “stress-scapes,” which applies the fundamentals of dynamic seascape classification to both environmental and biological data. Stress-scapes apply a probabilistic self-organizing map (prSOM) machine learning algorithm and Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering (HAC) analysis to produce distinct, dynamic patches of the ocean that share similar environmental variability and Pacific Cod growth characteristics, preserve the topology of the underlying data, and are robust to non-linear biological patterns. We then compare stress-scape output classes to Pacific Cod growth rates in the field using otolith increment analysis. Our work successfully resolved five dynamic stress-scapes in the coastal Gulf of Alaska ecosystem from 2010 to 2016. We utilized stress-scapes to compare conditions during the 2014–2016 marine heatwave to cooler years immediately prior and found that the stress-scapes captured distinct heatwave and non-heatwave classes, which highlighted high juvenile Pacific Cod growth and anomalous environmental conditions during heatwave conditions. Dominant stress-scapes underestimated juvenile Pacific Cod growth across all study years when compared to otolith-derived field growth rates, highlighting the potential for selective mortality or biological parameters currently missing in the stress-scape model as well as differences in potential growth predicted by the stress-scape and realized growth observed in the field. A sensitivity analysis of the stress-scape classification result shows that including growth rate data in stress-scape classification adjusts the training of the prSOM, enabling it to distinguish between regions where elevated sea surface temperature is negatively impacting growth rates. Classifications that rely solely on environmental data fail to distinguish these regions. With their incorporation of environmental and non-linear physiological variables across a wide spatio-temporal scale, stress-scapes show promise as an emerging methodology for evaluating the response of marine fisheries to changing ocean conditions in any dynamic marine system where sufficient data are available.

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“…Third, growth rate itself also contributes to the probability of survival for fish in early life stages regardless of fish size (the “growth-selective predation” hypothesis; Takasuka et al, 2003), as it reflects antipredator behavior such as burst swimming speed (Nakamura et al, 2022). Many studies have tested these hypotheses in a variety of fishes and ecosystems (e.g., Fennie et al, 2020; Hare & Cowen, 1997; Islam et al, 2010; Takasuka et al, 2017). Moreover, these growth-dependent mortality processes extend beyond the larval stage into juvenile stages (Khamassi et al, 2020; Sogard, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly structured habitats mitigate size- and growth-selective mortality of post-settlement juvenile fish

Kamimura

Shoji

2022

Preprint

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The role of vegetated habitats such as seagrass and macroalgal beds as nurseries is essential for the survival of larval and juvenile fish, although quantitative evaluation of the contribution of these habitats to nursery function is limited. Moreover, growth–survival relationships of larvae and juveniles associated with vegetated habitats have rarely been examined. To quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the processes affecting juvenile survival in vegetated habitats, we investigated whether there is a correlation between the degree of selection for bigger and faster-growing fish and mortality rates for three cohorts by birth date of post-settlement black rockfish (Sebastes cheni) in a macroalgal bed. We also analyzed relationships between growth rate and experienced temperature by age class to examine the effects of temperature on growth. The latest cohort, which grew under lower vegetation coverage due to a seasonal increase in water temperature, showed higher mortality with evidence of strong selection for bigger and faster-growing fish. The growth–temperature relationships showed that positive effects of temperature on growth weakened after settlement. Therefore, we suggest that macroalgal coverage has a critical role controlling the growth–mortality relationship of post-settlementS. cheni. Furthermore, the negative effects of high temperature on juvenile survival through loss of vegetation may be greater than the positive effects on juvenile growth. These findings will contribute to the management of fisheries resources by increasing the understanding of relationships between survival mechanisms in fish early life stages and vegetation phenology of their habitat under the increasing effects of global warming.

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Prey tell: what quillback rockfish early life history traits reveal about their survival in encounters with juvenile coho salmon

Cited by 14 publications

References 52 publications

Freshwater growth can provide a survival advantage to Interior Columbia River spring Chinook salmon after ocean entry

Freshwater growth can provide a survival advantage to Interior Columbia River spring Chinook salmon after ocean entry

A Dynamic Stress-Scape Framework to Evaluate Potential Effects of Multiple Environmental Stressors on Gulf of Alaska Juvenile Pacific Cod

Highly structured habitats mitigate size- and growth-selective mortality of post-settlement juvenile fish

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