Prey size reflected in tooth wear: a comparison of two wolf populations from Sweden and Alaska

Abstract

Ingesta leaves distinct patterns on mammalian teeth during mastication. However, an unresolved challenge is how to include intraspecific variability into dietary reconstruction and the biomechanical aspects of chewing. Two extant populations of the grey wolf ( Canis lupus ), one from Alaska and one from Sweden, were analysed with consideration to intraspecific dietary variability related to prey size depending on geographical origin, sex and individual age as well as tooth function. Occlusal enamel facets of the upper fourth premolars, first molars and the second lower molar were analysed via three-dimensional surface texture analysis. The Swedish wolves displayed facets characterized by higher peaks and deeper, more voluminous dales, featuring an overall rougher surface than the wolves from Alaska. Compared to females, the Swedish male wolves had a slightly larger dale area and hill volume on their facets. Upper fourth premolars are smoother and had higher values in texture direction compared to upper first molars. The upper first molars were rougher than the occluding lower second molars and were characterized by larger and deeper dales. We find evidence supporting intraspecific dietary segregation, and antagonistic asymmetry in occlusal wear signatures. The data offer new insights into the roles of apex predators like the grey wolf.

Editorial: Composite materials in biological and bioinspired systems: Part II, Biological and bioinspired composites

“…In Schulz-Kornas et al . [ 6 ], the intraspecific dietary variability and biomechanical aspects of chewing in grey wolves from Alaska and Sweden are analysed via three-dimensional surface texture analysis. The wolves from Sweden exhibit rougher surfaces with higher peaks and deeper dales compared with those from Alaska, while males show slightly larger dale area and hill volume than females, suggesting dietary segregation and antagonistic asymmetry in occlusal wear signatures, which provide new insights into the behaviour and ecology of this species.…”