Prey detection by Chaetognatha via a vibration sense

Horridge, George Adrian; Boulton, P. S.

doi:10.1098/rspb.1967.0072

Cited by 67 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The fluid signals contain both oscillatory (AC) and unidirectional (DC) components. Previous research has almost exclusively used an oscillating bead to collect behavioral and neurophysiological data from a wide variety of organisms (Horridge & Boulton 1967, Newbury 1972, Tautz 1979, Gassie et al 1993, Lenz & Hartline 1999. Its effects on fluid motion in both the near and far field have been mathematically described (Kalmijn 1988), adding to the relative ease of its use in experimental design.…”

Section: The Fluid Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and neural responses from the mechanosensory hairs on the antennule of Gaussia princeps

Fields¹,

Shaeffer²,

Weissburg³

2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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This study investigated the physical and physiological response of individual setae on the antennule of Gaussia princeps. We found significant differences in the physical and physiological responses of the setae to various intensities of water flow. No physiological evidence was found to suggest that individual setae are dually innervated; however, directional bias in both the displacement and subsequent physiological responses was evident. Although more easily displaced by fluid flow, the shortest hairs were physiologically less sensitive to angular deflection than were the longer setae, so that slow flows produced a greater neural response in the long seta. The combination of high resistance to movement and acute physiological sensitivity allows the long seta to respond to biologically driven, low-intensity flows while filtering out high-frequency background noise. This suggests that the most prominent, long, distal setae function as low-flow detectors whereas the short hairs respond to more rapid fluid motion. Each seta responds to only a portion of the overall range of water velocity in the copepod's habitat. Thus, the entire sensory appendage, which consists of an ensemble of setae of different morphologies and lengths, may function as a unit to code the intensity and directionality of complex fluid disturbances.

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Section: The Fluid Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and neural responses from the mechanosensory hairs on the antennule of Gaussia princeps

Fields¹,

Shaeffer²,

Weissburg³

2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…An ability to localize prey using water waves is found in a wide range of aquatic predators including seals, arthropods, frogs, fish, arrow worms and leeches (Bleckmann and Barth, 1984;Dehnhardt et al, 1998;Elepfandt, 1984;Horridge and Boulton, 1967;Kanter and Coombs, 2003;Lang, 1980;Mann, 1962;Russell and Roberts, 1974;Young et al, 1981;Zimmer, 2001). For this information to guide effective prey localization behavior, prey-induced water disturbances must be separated from those arising from other sources (such as wind, rain or predators).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmentally regulated multisensory integration for prey localization in the medicinal leech

Harley

Cienfuegos

Wagenaar

2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYMedicinal leeches, like many aquatic animals, use water disturbances to localize their prey, so they need to be able to determine if a wave disturbance is created by prey or by another source. Many aquatic predators perform this separation by responding only to those wave frequencies representing their prey. As leechesʼ prey preference changes over the course of their development, we examined their responses at three different life stages. We found that juveniles more readily localize wave sources of lower frequencies (2Hz) than their adult counterparts (8-12Hz), and that adolescents exhibited elements of both juvenile and adult behavior, readily localizing sources of both frequencies. Leeches are known to be able to localize the source of waves through the use of either mechanical or visual information. We separately characterized their ability to localize various frequencies of stimuli using unimodal cues. Within a single modality, the frequency-response curves of adults and juveniles were virtually indistinguishable. However, the differences between the responses for each modality (visual and mechanosensory) were striking. The optimal visual stimulus had a much lower frequency (2Hz) than the optimal mechanical stimulus (12Hz). These frequencies matched, respectively, the juvenile and the adult preferred frequency for multimodally sensed waves. This suggests that, in the multimodal condition, adult behavior is driven more by mechanosensory information and juvenile behavior more by visual. Indeed, when stimuli of the two modalities were placed in conflict with one another, adult leeches, unlike juveniles, were attracted to the mechanical stimulus much more strongly than to the visual stimulus. Supplementary material available online at

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“…Visual conspicuousness in prey body size, shape, pigmentation, and motion can all influence the selection by planktivorous fish (O'Brien 1979). Many invertebrate predators, such as Calanoid and cyclopoid copepods, insect larvae, and chaetognaths, use sensory setae to detect the hydrodynamic disturbances produced by the swimming motions of their zooplankton prey (Horridge and Boulton 1967;Strickler andBal1973;Strickler 1975;Kerfoot 1978). Prey selection by mechanosensory invertebrate predators is thus influenced by the hydrodynamic conspicuousness of their prey.…”

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confidence: 99%

Water flows produced by Daphnia and Diaptomus: Implications for prey selection by mechanosensory predators

Kirk

1985

Limnology & Oceanography

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Abstract-Calibrated hot-wire anemometer probes with 1 OO-pm-long sensitive elements were used to quantify the water flows produced by the swimming motions of Daphnia pulex and Diaptomus hesperus. A free-swimming Daphnia produces aperiodic, rapidly accelerating flow pulses. As Diaptomus swims past stationary hot wires, feeding appendage movements produce slowly accelerating flows that contain a 50-Hz oscillatory component. Data concerning the attenuation of flow speed and acceleration with distance from tethered Daphnia, together with attack distances of Chaoborus trivittatus larvae on Daphnia, were used to estimate the threshold signal amplitude necessary to release the attack behavior of the predator. Comparison of the threshold signal for attack allows active prey selection to be distinguished from passive prey selection.

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Prey detection by Chaetognatha via a vibration sense

Cited by 67 publications

References 4 publications

Mechanical and neural responses from the mechanosensory hairs on the antennule of Gaussia princeps

Mechanical and neural responses from the mechanosensory hairs on the antennule of Gaussia princeps

Developmentally regulated multisensory integration for prey localization in the medicinal leech

Water flows produced by Daphnia and Diaptomus: Implications for prey selection by mechanosensory predators

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