Prey availability in time and space is a driving force in life history evolution of predatory insects

Borges, Isabel; Soares, António O.; Magro, Alexandra; Hemptinne, Jean‐Louis

doi:10.1007/s10682-011-9481-y

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…selected and/ or maintained by natural selection) and, indeed, has been sometimes seen as being based on ecological or environmental constraints which prevent an organism from attaining the optimal 84 phenotype under certain environmental conditions (e.g. Blanckenhorn 2009;Borges et al 2011;Rehan et al 2011). In contrast, anticipatory plasticity is usually thought to be adaptive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing between anticipatory and responsive plasticity in a seasonally polyphenic butterfly

et al. 2012

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Seasonal generations of short-lived organisms often differ in their morphological, behavioural and life history traits, including body size. These differences may be either due to immediate effects of seasonally variable environment on organisms (responsive plasticity) or rely on presumably adaptive responses of organisms to cues signalizing forthcoming seasonal changes (anticipatory plasticity). When directly developing individuals of insects are larger than their overwintering conspecifics, the betweengeneration differences are typically ascribed to responsive plasticity in larval growth. We tested this hypothesis using the papilionid butterly Iphiclides podalirius as a model species. In laboratory experiments, we demonstrated that seasonal differences in food quality could not explain the observed size difference. Similarly, the size differences are not likely to be explained by the immediate effects of ambient temperature and photoperiod on larval growth. The qualitative pattern of natural size differences between the directly developing and diapausing butterflies could be reproduced in the laboratory as a response to photoperiod, indicating anticipatory character of the response. Directly developing and diapausing individuals followed an identical growth trajectory until the end of the last larval instar, with size differences appearing just a few days before pupation. Taken together, various lines of evidence suggest that between-generation size differences in I. podalirius are not caused by immediate effects of environmental factors on larval growth. Instead, these differences rather represent anticipatory plasticity and are thus likely to have an adaptive explanation. It remains currently unclear, whether the seasonal differences in adult size per se are adaptive, or if they constitute co-product of processes related to the diapause. Our study shows that it may be feasible to distinguish between different types of plasticity on the basis of empirical data even if fitness cannot be directly measured, and contributes to the emerging view about the predominantly adaptive nature of seasonal polyphenisms in insects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing between anticipatory and responsive plasticity in a seasonally polyphenic butterfly

et al. 2012

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“…Later it was demonstrated that the cessation of oviposition in H. sedecimnotata is associated with a marked increase in fat content, but in these experiments only two diets (high abundance and complete absence of aphids) were used (Reznik & Vaghina, 2006). This scarcity of data indicates a need for further studies on the trophic induction of diapause in Coccinellidae associated with the abundance of prey as under natural conditions, not only high abundance and complete absence of essential species of prey, but low population densities can also occur (Dixon & Guo, 1993;Evans, 2003;Borges et al, 2011;Hodek & Evans, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that in the above cited experiments ladybirds were not provided with any alternative food and therefore were not able to enter reproductive diapause, whereas in nature various sources of carbohydrate food (fl owers, fruits, damaged plants, etc. ), in contrast to aphids, are usually available throughout summer (Berkvens et al, 2008b;Borges et al, 2011;Hodek & Evans, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic induction of diapause in native and invasive populations of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Овчинникова¹,

Овчинников²,

Dolgovskaya³

et al. 2016

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…Generally, aphids are an extremely abundant but time-limited food resource, whereas coccids are scarcer but available for longer periods of time (Evans, 2003;Borges et al, 2006Borges et al, , 2011. It is noteworthy that aphidophagous and coccidophagous ladybirds' paces of life are a reflection of the respective prey's lifestyle (Dixon et al, 1997): in aphidophagous ladybirds the development is faster, the fecunditie are higher and lifetimes shorter in comparison with coccid-feeding species (Dixon, 2000;Borges et al, 2011Borges et al, , 2013. Therefore evolution favored a higher reproductive investment in aphidophagous ladybirds, which are suited to exploring highly crowded and fast developing prey populations that are available for limited periods of time.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, coccidophagous ladybirds exploit a food resource that forms lots of colonies of small size. In this case, more energy is required by ladybirds to find enough prey colonies sufficient for egg-laying, and it would be adaptative to store more fat in the soma than in the gonads (Borges et al, 2011). This fact could confer to coccidophagous ladybirds an advantage during the spread stage of the invasion process.…”

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Can Native Geographical Range, Dispersal Ability and Development Rates Predict the Successful Establishment of Alien Ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Species in Europe?

et al. 2018

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A list of alien ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species to Europe was prepared and the history and circumstances of their introductions were determined. Currently there are 12 alien ladybird species in Europe, originating from Australian, Oriental, Nearctic, Palearctic and Afrotropical regions. All of the species were intentionally released as biological control agents and most are coccidophagous species. The aphidophagous Harmonia axyridis is the only ladybird regarded as invasive in Europe. The main factors leading to successful establishment were food relationship, living in different habitats in different geographical regions and geographic origin. We found that successful invaders, in their native areas, showed adaptability to a wide range of conditions compared to non-invasive species. Larger aphidophagous alien ladybirds were found to develop as fast as native species. Characteristics that did not differ between native and alien species are thermal requirements for development, fecundity and body size. However, unlike other alien ladybirds, H. axyridis had higher potential dispersal ability.Keywords: biological invasion, Europe, fecundity, invasiveness, ladybirds, rate of spread, thermal requirements INTRODUCTIONMost species of ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are carnivorous predators that feed on a variety of phytophagous arthropods including aphids, coccids and mites (Giorgi et al., 2009;Weber and Lundgren, 2009) and therefore render important services to agricultural and forest ecosystems through biological control of those pests. As such, non-native coccinellid species have been introduced around the world. Biological control using coccinellids started in the late 1800s with the successful introduction of Rodolia cardinalis Mulsant from Australia to control populations of the coccid Icerya purchasi Maskell infesting citrus orchards in California. Since then, several other ladybird species have been introduced to new regions for classical biological Soares et al. Successful Establishment of Alien Ladybirdcontrol (Roy and Migeon, 2010). The objective of the imports and releases was the establishment of self-perpetuating populations in order to exert natural control over specific pests (Michaud, 2012). Besides the benefits, this process also bears risks, including the spread and establishment of ladybirds in new geographic ranges. The monetary costs of managing alien species once established are often very high. The environmental costs (e.g., effects of an alien biological control agent on species other than the pest species) may also be high (van Lenteren et al., 2008). Thus preventing invasion in the first place is highly desirable, and in order to do this, knowledge of the pathways of invasion are needed (Hulme, 2015).Whilst there have been numerous intentional coccinellid introductions since the end of the nineteenth century (Hokkanen and Sailer, 1985), the negative impacts were only recently acknowledged (van Lenteren et al., 2003(van Lenteren et al., , 2006. The need for intensive study ...

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Prey availability in time and space is a driving force in life history evolution of predatory insects

Cited by 37 publications

References 35 publications

Distinguishing between anticipatory and responsive plasticity in a seasonally polyphenic butterfly

Distinguishing between anticipatory and responsive plasticity in a seasonally polyphenic butterfly

Trophic induction of diapause in native and invasive populations of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Can Native Geographical Range, Dispersal Ability and Development Rates Predict the Successful Establishment of Alien Ladybird (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Species in Europe?

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