Previous antibiotic exposure and evolution of antibiotic resistance in mechanically ventilated patients with nosocomial infections

Hui, Chun; Lin, Ming-Chih; Jao, Mei-Shin; Liu, Tu-Chen; Wu, Ren-Guang

doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2013.04.008

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This could be explained by the fact that many nosocomial infections associated with MRSA are caused by infection of the patient by multiresistant hospital strains from other patients or health care personnel [23,24,25] and are frequently associated with prolonged hospitalization. In addition, the intense exposure to antibiotics to which these patients are subjected also plays an important role in infection due to multiresistant microorganisms during their stay in hospital [26,27,28] as well as recurrence of certain infections [29,30,31]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Effect of Different Criteria for Elimination of Duplicates

Álvarez-Paredes

López-Riquelme²,

Rodrı́guez³

et al. 2013

Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of different systems for eliminating duplicates in order to optimize the calculation of the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Methods: We compare the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criterion, time criteria and the criterion recommended by the European Antimicrobial Surveillance System (EARSS). Results: Multiple isolates of MRSA are frequently recovered from successive cultures from the same patient (the average isolation rate of MRSA is 2.72), which demonstrates the importance of eliminating duplicates. When CLSI criterion data are compared to those obtained using other criteria, a significant increase in the number of S. aureus isolates was found applying time criteria (up to 36%) or the EARSS criterion (13%). There is also an increase in the methicillin resistance rate (between 3.31 and 3.96%; p < 0.01). Conclusions: We believe that the EARSS method, with the proper quality controls and latest software tools available, is the best for determining the true situation of MRSA.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Effect of Different Criteria for Elimination of Duplicates

Álvarez-Paredes

López-Riquelme²,

Rodrı́guez³

et al. 2013

Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is up to 70% chance for patients admitted to a room previously occupied by a patient with Clostridium difficile , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Acinetobacter baumannii or vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) to obtain these microbes during hospital stay [12–14]. Moreover, nosocomial pathogens are resistant to at least one of the commonly used antibiotics in clinic settings and continued exposure of these pathogens to antibiotics increases resistance [15, 16]. A study by Zhang et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from routine laboratory specimens at Ndola Teaching Hospital: A retrospective study

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Periodic monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility patterns in clinical settings is vital to ascertain the potency as well as re-establishing empirical therapy. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from routine laboratory specimens at Ndola Teaching Hospital. A retrospective study was conducted on routine specimens received between May 2016 and July 2018. Specimens were cultured on standard media and Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used for susceptibility testing in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute’s recommendations. A total of 693 specimens were analyzed, of which 65.9% (457) specimens came from inpatient departments and 49.1% (340) came from female patients. The commonest specimens were urine (58.6%), blood (12.7%) and wound swabs (8.5%), and the most common microorganisms were coliform (29.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.4%), coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS, 13.4%), and Escherichia coli (13%). The highest percentage of resistance to any particular antibiotic was co-trimoxazole (91.7%, 33) followed by nalidixic acid (75.2%, 279), norfloxacin (69.0%, 100), ceftazidime (55.7%, 185), nitrofurantoin (46.6%, 191), chloramphenicol (43%, 111) and ciprofloxacin (8.6%, 271). Furthermore, patient location had resistance effect on coliform (p = 0.014), CoNS (p = 0.031), Streptococcus species (p = 0.024) and Klebsiella species (p = 0.004) to nitrofurantoin, ceftazidime, nitrofurantoin and chloramphenicol, respectively. Besides coliform, resistance of Enterobacter species to ceftazidime and Proteus species to nalidixic acid were more from female patients. Generally, the most effective antibiotics were chloramphenicol and nitrofurantoin with addition of ceftazidime on blood pathogens and ciprofloxacin on wound swab pathogens. The common isolates were coliform, S. aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococci and Escherichia coli. The resistance of most bacteria to ceftazidime and nitrofurantoin were influenced by both gender and location. Our study presents a broad overview of the resistance profiles of bacterial isolates. However, more nosocomial prevalence and antibiogram studies on individual routine specimens are required to provide a more detailed picture of resistance patterns.

show abstract

“…Thus, MDROs persisted that records of previous cultures and hospitalization were important [39,40] Screening for the HCAP criteria was beneficial in predicting drug-resistant pathogens, especially in patients with more than three HCAP risk factors [9]. Previous studies have reported that patients who were readmitted with previous antibiotic exposure within 90 days had multiple pathogens and drug-resistant bacteria at admission in Taiwan [41,42] and worldwide [12,43,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Screening of Risk for Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in the Emergency Department in Patients With Pneumonia and Early Septic Shock: Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort Study

Yiang

Tzeng

Shui

et al. 2020

Shock

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundPneumonia is the fourth leading cause of death globally, with rapid progression during septic shock.Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are becoming more common with some healthcare-associated pneumonia events. Early detection of MDRO risk may improve the outcomes; however, the risk of MDROs in patients with pneumonia and septic shock is unknown and may need broad spectrum multidrug antibiotic therapy. This study investigated the disease outcomes and multidrug antibiotic therapy of pneumonia with early septic shock in patients admitted in the emergency department (ED), a population with a high prevalence of MDROs, after early screening of MDROs risk. MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, patients with pneumonia and sepsis (n=533) admitted to the ED at the Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital from 2013 to 2019 were enrolled. The study population was divided into the high-risk and low-risk groups (patients from the communities or long-term care facilities with high and low prevalence of MDROs) and further divided into four subgroups to those whose screening procedure completed within 1 or 6 h of admission (high-risk within 1 h, high-risk within 6 h, low-risk within 1 h, and low risk within 6 h groups). The ICU mortality and multidrug antibiotic therapy were compared. ResultsThe high-risk MDROs groups had higher percentage of P. aeruginosa than the low-risk group. Furthermore, the appropriate ED first antibiotics were higher in the "within 1 h" than in the "within 6 h" subgroup of the high-risk MDROs group. In multivariate analysis, the "within 6 h" high-risk MDROs subgroup had an adjusted odds ratio of 7.191 (95% CI: 2.911-17.767, p <0.001) and 2.917 (95% CI:1.456-5.847, p=0.003) for the ICU mortality and multidrug therapy in the ICU, respectively, after adjusting for other confounding factors. ConclusionsDelayed MDRO screening in the high risk group had significant higher ICU mortality and multidrug antibiotic therapy in patients with pneumonia and early septic shock in the ED, especially in areas

show abstract

Previous antibiotic exposure and evolution of antibiotic resistance in mechanically ventilated patients with nosocomial infections

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant <b><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i></b>: Effect of Different Criteria for Elimination of Duplicates

Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant <b><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i></b>: Effect of Different Criteria for Elimination of Duplicates

Evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from routine laboratory specimens at Ndola Teaching Hospital: A retrospective study

Early Screening of Risk for Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in the Emergency Department in Patients With Pneumonia and Early Septic Shock: Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About