Preventive Effect of Korean Red Ginseng for Acute Respiratory Illness: A Randomized and Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Lee, Chang‐Seop; Lee, Juhyung; Oh, Mi‐Ra; Choi, Kyung-Min; Jeong, Mi Ran; Park, Jong-Dae; Kwon, Dae Young; Ha, Ki-Chan; Park, Eun-Ock; Lee, Nuri; Kim, Sun‐Young; Choi, Eun‐Kyung; Kim, Min‐Gul; Chae, Soo‐Wan

doi:10.3346/jkms.2012.27.12.1472

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…More recent clinical studies reported beneficial effects of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolius in preventing infections of the upper respiratory tract. In a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial involving 100 healthy volunteers, Lee et al (2012) reported that Korean red ginseng (3 g/day per os for 12 weeks) significantly reduced the episodes of acute respiratory illness (ARI), mainly due to rhinovirus and coronavirus infections, in the 50 subjects randomized in the treatment arm with respect to the 50 individuals in the control group. A patented poly-furanosylpyranosyl-saccharide-rich extract of P. quinquefolius, COLD-fX, showed a beneficial effect on common cold.…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius : From pharmacology to toxicology

Mancuso

Santangelo

2017

Food and Chemical Toxicology

266

140

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The use of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius in traditional Chinese medicine dates back to about 5000 years ago thanks to its several beneficial and healing properties. Over the past few years, extensive preclinical and clinical evidence in the scientific literature worldwide has supported the beneficial effects of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolius in significant central nervous system, metabolic, infectious and neoplastic diseases. There has been growing research on ginseng because of its favorable pharmacokinetics, including the intestinal biotransformation which is responsible for the processing of ginsenosides - contained in the roots or extracts of ginseng - into metabolites with high pharmacological activity and how such principles act on numerous cell targets. The aim of this review is to provide a simple and extensive overview of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolius, focusing on the clinical evidence which has shown particular effectiveness in specific diseases, such as dementia, diabetes mellitus, respiratory infections, and cancer. Furthermore, the review will also provide data on toxicological factors to support the favorable safety profile of these medicinal plants.

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Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius : From pharmacology to toxicology

Mancuso

Santangelo

2017

Food and Chemical Toxicology

266

140

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“…Red Ginseng (RG) is a well-known herbal medicine with anticancer, antiallergy, anti-inflammatory and anti-fatigue effects. [21][22][23] A recent clinical study confirmed its protective effect on acute respiratory tract infections, 24) and oral administration of RG extract prior to influenza A virus infection was shown to increase survival in a mouse model. 25) Not only dietary RG extract but also components of the extract such as polysaccharides and saponin have been reported to increase protection against influenza A virus infection.…”

Section: Evaluation Of In Vitro Activity Of Xylitol Against Hrsvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorating Effect of Dietary Xylitol on Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) Infection

Kim

et al. 2016

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. The lack of proper prophylactics and therapeutics for controlling hRSV infection has been of great concern worldwide. Xylitol is a well-known sugar substitute and its effect against bacteria in the oral cavity is well known. However, little is known of its effect on viral infections. In this study, the effect of dietary xylitol on hRSV infection was investigated in a mouse model for the first time. Mice received xylitol for 14 d prior to virus challenge and for a further 3 d post challenge. Significantly larger reductions in lung virus titers were observed in the mice receiving xylitol than in the controls receiving phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). In addition, fewer CD3 and CD3 CD8 lymphocytes, whose numbers reflect inflammatory status, were recruited in the mice receiving xylitol. These results indicate that dietary xylitol can ameliorate hRSV infections and reduce inflammation-associated immune responses to hRSV infection.

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“…Adverse events such as voice disorder, ophthalmalgia, perinea pain and renal stones in the erectile dysfunction study were shown to have no relation with the test sample [ 31 ]. In a 12-week intervention study with healthy subjects, there were no statistical differences between the placebo and ginseng groups for adverse events, and specific events were not observed ( p = 0.378) [ 39 ]. The observed adverse events of gastritis, arthritis and urticaria during the study period had no causal relationship to the ginseng intake [ 39 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a 12-week intervention study with healthy subjects, there were no statistical differences between the placebo and ginseng groups for adverse events, and specific events were not observed ( p = 0.378) [ 39 ]. The observed adverse events of gastritis, arthritis and urticaria during the study period had no causal relationship to the ginseng intake [ 39 ]. Vaginal bleeding was reported in the study on sexual dysfunction in menopausal females [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Analysis of Panax Ginseng in Randomized Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review

et al. 2015

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Background: Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is one of the most frequently used herbs in the world. The roots of Panax ginseng have been used as a traditional tonic and medicine for thousands of years in Korea and China. Today, ginseng root is used as a dietary supplement and complementary medicine and for adjuvant therapeutics worldwide. The efficacy of ginseng has been studied in a wide range of basic research and clinical studies. However, it has been reported that the results from clinical studies are conflicting, and they depend on the parameters of the protocol design including the conditions of the participants and the types of ginseng used such as red ginseng, white ginseng, fermented ginseng and cultured ginseng. Meanwhile, in addition to clinical efficacy, the safety of ginseng is a highly important matter for customers. With globally increasing demand for Panax ginseng as a dietary supplement or complementary medicine, it is necessary to provide information on its safe use to customers to improve their health conditions. Although the safety of Panax ginseng in pre-clinical studies is well known, the evaluation of safety in clinical studies has so far been insufficient. This systematic review was conducted to assess the safety of ginseng in randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT) over the last 10 years. We chose the last 10 years because many clinical trials have been conducted in the past 10 years, and it will help to understand the recent trends in RCTs of ginseng.Methods: Articles on ginseng studies were searched with keywords in MEDLINE and four other Korean online database sites. Studies with ginseng as a monopreparation were selected while studies with single administration, preparations combined with other herbs or drug combinations were excluded from the selected studies. Data from the selected studies meeting the criteria were extracted and reviewed in terms of study design, condition and number of participants, type of ginseng, dosage, duration, main results, adverse events and adverse reactions.Results: Forty-four studies met the selection criteria. These studies covered the efficacy of ginseng in areas such as cardiovascular function, glucose metabolism, sexual function, anti-oxidation, anti-fatigue and psychomotor function. Twenty-nine studies showed positive results while fifteen studies showed no effect. Sixteen studies reported adverse events while five studies had no adverse events. Twenty-three studies did not mention any adverse events. The main adverse events of ginseng reported were general symptoms such as hot flushes, insomnia and dyspepsia with no significant difference in frequency and symptoms between the ginseng and placebo groups. The symptoms were mild and temporary with no serious or severe adverse events.Conclusion: Panax ginseng showed a very safe profile in a limited number of RCTs with a small number of participants with various conditions ranging from healthy participants to patients with symptoms. However, to increase the usefulness and lower the health risk of Panax gins...

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Preventive Effect of Korean Red Ginseng for Acute Respiratory Illness: A Randomized and Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Cited by 38 publications

References 19 publications

Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius : From pharmacology to toxicology

Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius : From pharmacology to toxicology

Ameliorating Effect of Dietary Xylitol on Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) Infection

Safety Analysis of Panax Ginseng in Randomized Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review

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