Preventive effect of hydrolyzed infant formulas persists until age 6 years: Long-term results from the German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study (GINI)

Berg, Andrea von; Filipiak-Pittroff, Birgit; Krämer, Ursula; Link, Elke; Bollrath, Christina; Brockow, Inken; Koletzko, Sibylle; Grübl, A.; Heinrich, Joachim; Wichmann, Heinz‐Erich; Bauer, Carl-P.; Reinhardt, D.; Berdel, Dietrich

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2008.04.021

Cited by 222 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As 80–90% of respiratory allergic diseases in children and young adolescents are associated with sensitization to aeroallergens (mainly pollen and house dust mites), it is reasonable to hypothesize that IgE might be involved. However, we did not observe any association between specific IgE measured in serum and hydrolyzates at 15 years, which is consistent with our findings at six and ten years 21, 27 and with reports from the literature 17, 18, 19. Therefore, IgE does not appear to be involved in the observed findings in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…As observed in the six‐ and ten‐year follow‐ups 21, 27, participation at 15‐years was influenced by study region, birth order, and parental education, but not by formula group, family history of eczema, family history of asthma, and double heredity of familial allergy (Table S1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The design of the study, details of recruitment, randomization, blinding and allocation of the formulas, outcome definitions, and results from the one‐, three‐, six‐, and ten‐year follow‐ups have been published previously 21, 25, 26, 27, 28. In brief, between September 1995 and July 1998, a total of 2252 healthy term newborns at high risk of allergy were recruited in two regions in Germany (Wesel, Munich) and randomly allocated at birth to one of four blinded study formulas using a computer‐generated list.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data on the long‐term effectiveness of these interventions are important because asthma and especially AR risk increase during adolescence. The German Infant Nutritional Intervention (GINI) study allows a longitudinal evaluation of the long‐term impact of hydrolyzed formulas on allergic outcomes in 2252 children with a positive family history for allergic diseases, which were randomized at birth to three different hydrolyzed formulas or standard cow′s milk formula 25, 26, 27, 28.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allergic manifestation 15 years after early intervention with hydrolyzed formulas – theGINIStudy

Berg

Filipiak-Pittroff

Schulz

et al. 2015

Allergy

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BackgroundData on the long‐term impact of hydrolyzed formulas on allergies are scarce.ObjectiveTo assess the association between early intervention with hydrolyzed formulas in high‐risk children and allergic outcomes in adolescence.Methods GINI trial participants (n = 2252) received one of four formulas in the first four months of life as breastmilk substitute if necessary: partial or extensive whey hydrolyzate (pHF‐W, eHF‐W), extensive casein hydrolyzate (eHF‐C) or standard cow′s milk formula (CMF) as reference. Associations between these formulas and the cumulative incidence and prevalence of parent‐reported physician‐diagnosed asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR) and eczema, as well as spirometric indices and sensitization, were examined using generalized linear models.ResultsBetween 11 and 15 years, the prevalence of asthma was reduced in the eHF‐C group compared to CMF (odds ratio (OR) 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26–0.89), which is consistent with the spirometric results. The cumulative incidence of AR was lower in eHF‐C (risk ratio (RR) 0.77, 95% CI 0.59–0.99]) and the AR prevalence in pHF‐W (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.47–0.95) and eHF‐C (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.41–0.84). The cumulative incidence of eczema was reduced in pHF‐W (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.59–0.96) and eHF‐C (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.46–0.77), as was the eczema prevalence between 11 and 15 years in eHF‐C (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23–0.79). No significant effects were found in the eHF‐W group on any manifestation,nor was there an effect on sensitization with any formula.ConclusionIn high‐risk children, early intervention using different hydrolyzed formulas has variable preventative effects on asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema up to adolescence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Allergic manifestation 15 years after early intervention with hydrolyzed formulas – theGINIStudy

Berg

Filipiak-Pittroff

Schulz

et al. 2015

Allergy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…If MOM and PDHM are unavailable, preterm infants should be fed preterm formula rather than term formula until discharge, as it is tailored to meet the nutritional needs of preterm infants. There is concern that cows' milk protein is a risk factor for NEC and for allergic disease in childhood (Berg et al 2010, von Berg et al 2008 and there are commercial fortifiers and preterm formula available that do not contain intact cows' milk protein.…”

Section: Enteral Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%