Preventive Effect of Fermented Chestnut Inner Shell Extract on Obesity-Induced Hepatic Steatosis

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the gallic acid-enriched fermented chestnut inner shell extract (FCCE) by Saccharomyces cerevisiae on a high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis in vivo mouse model. Mice feeding FCCE exhibited reduced body weight gain compared to those in the HFD-fed group, and showed lower abdominal fat pad weight including epididymal, retroperitoneal, and mesenteric adipose tissue. Further, FCCE administration decreased adipocyte size by suppressing adipogenic factors such as peroxisome proliferator activated receptor  and CCAAT/ enhancer-binding protein , and lipogenic factors such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, fatty acid synthase, and stearoyl CoA desaturase-1. Moreover, FCCE decreased levels of lipids in serum and liver as well as serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, markers of liver injury. Histological observations of the liver showed that FCCE significantly attenuated HFD-induced hepatic steatosis. The effect of FCCE on hepatic lipid regulatory factors may be partly associated with adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation. These results suggest that gallic acid-enriched FCCE has potential to be a promising functional food for prevention of obesity and obesity-related fatty liver disease.

Immature sword bean pods (Canavalia gladiata) inhibit adipogenesis in C3H10T1/2 cells and mice with high-fat diet–induced obesity

“…Gallic acid is known as a phenolic acid component that has a high anti-obesity effect, and it is speculated that this is why the SBP extract has a higher anti-obesity effect than the SB extract. [31][32][33][34] Our results demonstrate that SB and SBP extracts inhibit fat production and increase the expression of thermogenic factors to prevent obesity via fat catabolism. In particular, the SBP extract showed a greater protective efficacy against obesity than that of SB and is expected to be a valuable raw material for product development aimed at controlling obesity.…”

Anti‐adiposity and lipid‐lowering effects of schisandrol A in diet‐induced obese mice

“…The beneficial role of SolA in improving hepatic steatosis was supported by the reduction in plasma level of AST, a circulating liver enzyme that represents liver damage, observed in SolA‐supplemented mice. NAFLD can damage hepatocytes and leads to the elevation of the levels of circulating aminotransferases, while improvement in hepatic steatosis is accompanied by reductions in circulating markers of hepatic injury (Daidj & Lamri‐Senhadji, 2021; Lee et al, 2020; Stephenson et al, 2018).…”

“…NAFLD can damage hepatocytes and leads to the elevation of the levels of circulating aminotransferases, while improvement in hepatic steatosis is accompanied by reductions in circulating markers of hepatic injury (Daidj & Lamri-Senhadji, 2021;Lee et al, 2020;Stephenson et al, 2018).…”

The Anti-Obesity Effects of Lemon Fermented Products in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and in a Rat Model with High-Calorie Diet-Induced Obesity

“…Lactobacillus plantarum EM fermented cabbage-apple (FCA) can reduce the mRNA expression of FAS, ACC, and SREBP-1c [ 38 ]. Fermented chestnut inner shell extract (FCCE) can reduce the mRNA or protein expression of FAS and SREBP-1c, and improve the protein expression of AMPK [ 39 ]. Multi-strain coupled fermented capsicum (EFC) can regulate the mRNA expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and HSL [ 40 ].…”