Prevention With Positives: A Review of Published Research, 1998-2008

Abstract

HIV prevention education and counseling efforts have historically been directed toward those individuals considered at risk for exposure to HIV and assumed to be uninfected with HIV. In the late 1990s, prevention efforts began to include individuals who were HIV-infected. In 2003, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended that HIV prevention be incorporated into the medical care of persons living with HIV. This domain of HIV prevention work is known as prevention with positives or positive prevention, and research within this domain has been ongoing for a decade. This article provides a review of the scientific evidence within the prevention with positives domain from 1998 to 2008. A discussion is provided regarding early descriptive and formative studies as well as more recent and ongoing intervention trials specifically designed for persons living with HIV. A summary of current knowledge, a description of ongoing research, and gaps in knowledge are identified. Topics for future research are suggested.

Behavioural interventions for HIV positive prevention in developing countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…20,[43][44][45] Our finding that interventions targeting people living with HIV in developing countries are generally effective is consistent with findings from three previous systematic reviews covering interventions conducted primarily in the United States. [14][15][16] The results of this review should be viewed in the light of its limitations. Unlike other systematic reviews of positive prevention interventions based almost entirely in the United States, 14,16 we chose not to limit our inclusion criteria to controlled trials.…”

“…[14][15][16] However, almost all the included studies had been conducted in the United States of America. There have been no similar reviews of positive prevention interventions in developing country settings.…”

Optimism, community attachment and serostatus disclosure among HIV-positive men who have sex with men

“…However, increased disclosure is associated with benefits including improved treatment adherence and transmission reduction (Gilliam & Straub, 2009;Klitzman et al, 2004). This research examines two factors -community attachment and HIV-related optimism -that may influence disclosure.…”

People Living with HIV are Receptive to HIV Prevention Interventions in Clinical Settings: A Qualitative Evaluation

“…The study of PwP in clinical settings remains an area of research of considerable importance (Drainoni, Dekker, Lee-Hood, Boehmer, & Reif, 2009;Fisher & Smith, 2009;Fisher et al, 2006;Gilliam & Straub, 2009;Grodensky et al, 2008;Illa et al, 2010;Richardson et al, 2004) in order expand our understanding of whether PwP in clinical settings is a sustainable HIV prevention strategy. In particular, HIV care providers need evidenced-based information on how to best intervene with patients on the topic of HIV prevention.…”