Prevention of UV-Induced Damage to the Anterior Segment Using Class I UV-Absorbing Hydrogel Contact Lenses

Chandler, Heather L.; Reuter, Kathleen; Sinnott, Loraine T.; Nichols, Jason J.

doi:10.1167/iovs.09-3996

Cited by 37 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…UV light has been shown to cause apoptosis in lens cells and in whole lenses (21,22,(27)(28)(29) and because UV light exposure is associated with cataract formation (18 -20), we sought to determine the effect of UVA light on the subunits of the integrin ␣V␤5 receptor and on the process of lens cell phagocytosis of apoptotic debris. To test this, human SRA 01/04 lens epithelial cells were exposed to UVA light using a UVA LED array.…”

Section: Uva Treatment Of Lens Epithelial Cells Results In Loss Of Bomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major insult to the lens epithelium is UV light exposure (21)(22)(23)(24). The human cornea absorbs all incident light below 300 nm wavelength and ϳ92% of UVB between 300 and 315 nm (24,83,84).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the UV light transmitted to the lens is therefore UVA light; this is primarily absorbed by the anterior lens epithelium, and long term UVA exposure is believed to contribute to lens damage (24,83,84). UV light exposure of lens epithelial cells is associated with apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (21,22,(27)(28)(29) and human cataract formation (18 -20); however, the mechanisms used by lens epithelial cells to deal with the downstream effects of UV light and other insults, i.e. apoptosis and accumulation of apoptotic debris to ensure epithelial cell homeostasis and lens transparency, remain largely unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major consequence of UV light exposure to the lens is damage to the light-facing monolayer of anterior epithelial cells (21)(22)(23)(24)) that overlie and are required for the homeostasis of the organelle-free fiber cells that make up the lens core (11,25,26). UV light exposure has been shown to result in apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (21,22,(27)(28)(29), and damage to lens epithelial cells and their subcellular components results in cataract formation (22, 24, 30 -32). These data suggest the need for a lens mechanism to remove apoptotic debris generated upon UV light exposure to prevent epithelial cell death and thereby maintain lens transparency.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrin αVβ5-mediated Removal of Apoptotic Cell Debris by the Eye Lens and Its Inhibition by UV Light Exposure

Chauss

Brennan

Бакина

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Accumulation of apoptotic material is toxic and associated with cataract and other disease states. Identification of mechanisms that prevent accumulation of apoptotic debris is important for establishing the etiology of these diseases. The ocular lens is routinely assaulted by UV light that causes lens cell apoptosis and is associated with cataract formation. To date, no molecular mechanism for removal of toxic apoptotic debris has been identified in the lens. Vesicular debris within lens cells exposed to UV light has been observed raising speculation that lens cells themselves could act as phagocytes to remove toxic apoptotic debris. However, phagocytosis has not been confirmed as a function of the intact eye lens, and no mechanism for lens phagocytosis has been established. Here, we demonstrate that the eye lens is capable of phagocytizing extracellular lens cell debris. Using high throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, we establish that lens epithelial cells express members of the integrin ␣V␤5-mediated phagocytosis pathway and that internalized cell debris co-localizes with ␣V␤5 and with RAB7 and Rab-interacting lysosomal protein that are required for phagosome maturation and fusion with lysosomes. We demonstrate that the ␣V␤5 receptor is required for lens epithelial cell phagocytosis and that UV light treatment of lens epithelial cells results in damage to the ␣V␤5 receptor with concomitant loss of phagocytosis. These data suggest that loss of ␣V␤5-mediated phagocytosis by the eye lens could result in accumulation of toxic cell debris that could contribute to UV light-induced cataract formation.

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Section: Uva Treatment Of Lens Epithelial Cells Results In Loss Of Bomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrin αVβ5-mediated Removal of Apoptotic Cell Debris by the Eye Lens and Its Inhibition by UV Light Exposure

Chauss

Brennan

Бакина

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Animal models have shown that UV-blocking contact lenses can directly reduce UV-induced oxidative damage to the cornea, aqueous, lens (Chandler et al, 2010) and retina (Ibrahim et al, 2012). A number of organizations (e.g., the American Optometric Association) and comprehensive reviews (Chandler, 2011;Walsh and Bergmanson, 2011) have endorsed the use of UV-blocking contact lenses covering the limbus as greatly reducing the potentially toxic effect of light-induced oxidative damage to the eye.…”

Section: Uv and Short-wave Light Absorption By Spectacle And Contact mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative photodegradation of ocular tissues: Beneficial effects of filtering and exogenous antioxidants

Hammond

Johnson

George

2014

Experimental Eye Research

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The fact that light is necessary for life is generally accepted as an axiom. The extent to which light interacts and influences human biology, however, is often not fully appreciated. Exposure to sunlight, for instance, can both promote and degrade human health. There is now general scientific consensus that, although the eye evolved to respond to light, it is also damaged by excessive exposure. Light-mediated ocular damage is involved in the pathophysiology of many common forms of blindness. The type of ocular tissue damage induced by light exposure depends on the extent of exposure and wavelength. The tissues of the lens, cornea, and retina contain specific chemical moieties that have been proven to exhibit light-mediated oxidative degradation. Proteins and lipids present in the cornea, lens, and retina, meet all of the physical requirements known to initiate the process of oxidative photodegradation upon exposure to solar radiation. As such, different mechanisms have evolved in the lens, cornea, and retina to ameliorate such light-mediated oxidative damage. It appears, however, that such mechanisms are ill-matched to handle modern conditions: namely, poor diet and longer life-spans (and the degenerative diseases that accompany them). Hence, steps must be taken to protect the eye from the damaging effects of light. Preventative measures include minimizing actinic light exposure, providing exogenous filtering (e.g., through the use of protective lenses), and enhancing antioxidant defenses (e.g., through increased dietary intake of antioxidants). These strategies may yield long-term benefits in terms of reducing oxidative photodegradation of the ocular tissues.

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Nanoparticle‐loaded UV‐blocking contact lenses

Gause

Chauhan

2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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We have developed a novel approach of incorporating UV-blocking features into contact lenses by dispersing nanoparticles into the lenses. The nanoparticles are prepared by controlling polymerization dynamics using chain terminating and chain transfer agents. A theoretical model is developed to predict the effect of various formulation parameters on the particle size. This approach can produce UV-blocking nanoparticles of controlled size below 10 nm in diameter with close to 10% conversion. The model predictions for the mean size are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. The nanoparticles are cleaned and loaded in silicone hydrogel contact lenses by soaking the lenses in a solution of particles in ethanol and acetone. Lenses loaded with about 6% particles w/w in the hydrated lens block sufficient UV light to be classified as Class 1 blockers. The nanoparticles are retained in the lens during soaking in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and are stable to sterilization by autoclaving.

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Prevention of UV-Induced Damage to the Anterior Segment Using Class I UV-Absorbing Hydrogel Contact Lenses

Abstract: The authors show that senofilcon A class I UV-blocking contact lenses are capable of protecting the cornea, aqueous humor, and crystalline lens of rabbits from UV-induced pathologic changes.

Cited by 37 publications

References 63 publications

Integrin αVβ5-mediated Removal of Apoptotic Cell Debris by the Eye Lens and Its Inhibition by UV Light Exposure

Integrin αVβ5-mediated Removal of Apoptotic Cell Debris by the Eye Lens and Its Inhibition by UV Light Exposure

Oxidative photodegradation of ocular tissues: Beneficial effects of filtering and exogenous antioxidants

Nanoparticle‐loaded UV‐blocking contact lenses

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