Prevention of Prostate Cancer: Outcomes of Clinical Trials and Future Opportunities

Thompson, Ian M.; Kristal, Alan R.; Platz, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.14694/edbook_am.2014.34.e76

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Based on observational study findings, several potentially modifiable lifestyle factors have been tested in randomized controlled trial settings in men with prostate cancer [112], showing effects on systemic and prostate inflammation. Results from exercise trials in men with prostate cancer showed that long-term physical exercise may cause a decrease in circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines [113], and that acute exercise also influenced serum inflammatory markers and NK cell responses [114,115].…”

Section: Clinical Treatment/lifestyle Intervention Relevant To Inflam...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and Prostate Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Identifying Opportunities for Treatment and Prevention

Huang

LaBonte

Craig

et al. 2022

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prostate cancer is a major cause of disease for men globally. Inflammation, an established hallmark of cancer, is frequently observed in the prostate, though its contribution to prostate cancer risks and outcomes is not fully understood. Prostate cancer is biologically and clinically heterogeneous, and there is now evidence that inflammation and immunological characteristics vary by the genomic and mutational landscape of the tumor. Moreover, it is now recognized that risk factor profiles vary between tumor subgroups, as defined by histopathological and molecular features. Here, we provide a review centered around the relationship between inflammation and prostate cancer, with a consideration of molecular tumor features and a particular focus on the advanced and lethal stages of disease. We summarize findings from epidemiological studies of the etiology and role of inflammation in prostate cancer. We discuss the pathology of prostate inflammation, and consider approaches for assessing the tumor immune microenvironment in epidemiological studies. We review emerging clinical therapies targeting immune biology within the context of prostate cancer. Finally, we consider potentially modifiable risk factors and corresponding lifestyle interventions that may affect prostate inflammation, impacting outcomes. These emerging insights will provide some hints for the development of treatment and prevention strategies for advanced and lethal prostate cancer.

show abstract

Section: Clinical Treatment/lifestyle Intervention Relevant To Inflam...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and Prostate Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Identifying Opportunities for Treatment and Prevention

Huang

LaBonte

Craig

et al. 2022

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These biopsies were likely prompted by an elevated PSA, and given that they were negative, the elevated PSA was perhaps a product of intraprostatic inflammation. Therefore, men with a previous negative biopsy showing inflammatory changes have a reduced probability of being diagnosed with prostate cancer in the future, compared with men with a previous negative biopsy without inflammation (Thompson et al 2014).…”

Section: Inflammation and Prostate Cancer Chemopreventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoprevention in Prostate Cancer: Current Perspective and Future Directions

Rivero

Thompson

Liss

et al. 2018

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chemoprevention of prostate cancer aims to reduce the mortality as well as the public burden of overdetection, which increases anxiety, cost, and morbidity related to the disease. The role of 5-α-reductase inhibitors has been well investigated and shown to decrease the risk of prostate cancer. No current evidence exists to encourage the use of nutrients or vitamins as chemopreventive agents. The modulation of inflammation is one of the most promising targets for chemoprevention of prostate cancer.

show abstract

“…A randomized beta-carotene and retinol efficacy trial (CARET) that examined a combination of β-carotene and vitamin A (30 mg) with smokers and asbestos-exposed worker found a statistically significant 28% increase in lung cancer compared to the placebo and 17% increase in total mortality rate that forced the trial to end 21 months earlier than designed [ 148 ]. In the selenium and vitamin E cancer prevention trial (SELECT), vitamin E as α-tocopherol significantly increased prostate cancer 17% [ 152 ].…”

Section: Vitamin Supplement Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-radicals and advanced chemistries involved in cell membrane organization influence oxygen diffusion and pathology treatment

Petersen

2017

AIMS Biophysics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A breakthrough has been discovered in pathology chemistry related to increasing molecular structure that can interfere with oxygen diffusion through cell membranes. Free radicals can crosslink unsaturated low-viscosity fatty acid oils by chain-growth polymerization into more viscous liquids and even solids. Free radicals are released by mitochondria in response to intermittent hypoxia that can increase membrane molecular organization to reduce fluidity and oxygen diffusion in a possible continuing vicious cycle toward pathological disease. Alternate computational chemistry demonstrates molecular bond dynamics in free energy for cell membrane physiologic movements. Paired electrons in oxygen and nitrogen atoms require that oxygen bonds rotate and nitrogen bonds invert to seek polar nano-environments and hide from nonpolar nano-environments thus creating fluctuating instability at a nonpolar membrane and polar biologic fluid interface. Subsequent mechanomolecular movements provide free energy to increase diffusion by membrane transport of molecules and oxygen into the cell, cell-membrane signaling/recognition/defense in addition to protein movements for enzyme mixing. In other chemistry calcium bonds to membrane phosphates primarily on the outer plasma cell membrane surface to influence the membrane firing threshold for excitability and better seal out water permeation. Because calcium is an excellent metal conductor and membrane phosphate headgroups form a semiconductor at the biologic fluid interface, excess electrons released by mitochondria may have more broad dissipation potential by safe conduction through calcium atomic-sized circuits on the outer membrane surface. Regarding medical conditions, free radicals are known to produce pathology especially in age-related disease in addition to aging. Because cancer cell membranes develop extreme polymorphism that has been extensively followed in research, accentuated easily-visualized free-radical models are developed. In terms of treatment, use of vitamin nutrient supplements purported to be antioxidants that remove free radicals has not proved worthwhile in clinical trials presumably due to errors with early antioxidant measurements based on inaccurate colorimetry tests. However, newer covalent-bond shrinkage tests now provide accurate measurements for free-radical inhibitor hydroquinone and other molecules toward drug therapy.

show abstract

Prevention of Prostate Cancer: Outcomes of Clinical Trials and Future Opportunities

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Inflammation and Prostate Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Identifying Opportunities for Treatment and Prevention

Inflammation and Prostate Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Identifying Opportunities for Treatment and Prevention

Chemoprevention in Prostate Cancer: Current Perspective and Future Directions

Free-radicals and advanced chemistries involved in cell membrane organization influence oxygen diffusion and pathology treatment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About