Prevention of pesticide-induced neuronal dysfunction and mortality with nucleophilic poly-Oxime topical gel

Abstract

Topical gel reduces pesticide-induced systemic acetylcholinesterase inhibition, thus preventing neuronal dysfunction and mortality.

Role of Zr6 Metal Nodes in Zr-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Catalytic Detoxification of Pesticides

“…Although pesticides have contributed significantly to agricultural production worldwide, most of them are toxic, leading to increasing health and environmental concerns for humans and other living organisms. − A marked toxicity of pesticides can be seen in recent reports showing that acute exposure to pesticides has caused 110,000 fatalities globally each year by self-poisoning. , Among pesticide types, organophosphate-based pesticides (OPs) are one of the most commercialized classes . The acute toxicity of OPs is originated from the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, resulting in neurological disorders . Although registered pesticides are verified not to persist in the environment beyond the intended periods, residues of OPs in groundwater have been found to range between ng/L and low μg/L concentrations .…”

“…Conventional methods to detoxify pesticides include ozonation, Fenton treatment, photocatalysis, and microbial degradation. , A number of different approaches and materials, for example, oximes, surfactants, metal oxides, − silica nanoparticles, organometallic complexes, − and enzymes, have been reported for the degradation of OPs. However, conventional physicochemical approaches are not cost-effective and often result in incomplete conversions. , Nucleophilic species, such as oximes and surfactants, are difficult to recycle. , Metal oxides often require light sources or result in stoichiometric not catalytic reactions. , Enzymes are easily inactivated under nonphysiological conditions, and the process is accompanied by high costs and difficulties in recovery. Therefore, heterogeneous catalysts with high catalytic activities and facile recycling are appealing candidates for pesticide degradation.…”

“…3 The acute toxicity of OPs is originated from the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, resulting in neurological disorders. 4 Although registered pesticides are verified not to persist in the environment beyond the intended periods, residues of OPs in groundwater have been found to range between ng/L and low μg/L concentrations. 5 Exposure of nontarget ecosystems to OPs has caused serious health and environmental issues, for example, surface water contamination, 6 wildlife poisonings, 3 brain anomalies in children, 7 prenatal exposure, 8 and adverse birth outcomes (Figure 1).…”

“…Conventional methods to detoxify pesticides include ozonation, 10 Fenton treatment, 11 photocatalysis, 12 and microbial degradation. 13,14 A number of different approaches and materials, for example, oximes, 4 surfactants, 15 ides, 16−18 silica nanoparticles, 19 organometallic complexes, 20−22 and enzymes, 23 have been reported for the degradation of OPs. However, conventional physicochemical approaches are not cost-effective and often result in incomplete conversions.…”

“…10,11 Nucleophilic species, such as oximes and surfactants, are difficult to recycle. 4,15 Metal oxides often require light sources or result in stoichiometric not catalytic reactions. 11,18 Enzymes are easily inactivated under nonphysiological conditions, and the process is accompanied by high costs and difficulties in recovery.…”