Prevention of nosocomial transmission and biofilm formation on novel biocompatible antimicrobial gloves impregnated with biosynthesized silver nanoparticles synthesized using Eucalyptus citriodora leaf extract

Abstract

Failure in the prevention of cross‐transmission from contaminated gloves has been recognized as an important factor that contributes to the spread of several healthcare‐associated infections. Ex situ coating process with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Eucalyptus citriodora ethanolic leaf extract as reducing and capping agents to coat glove surfaces has been developed to prevent this mode of transmission. Elemental analysis of coated gloves showed 24.8 Wt% silver densely adhere on the surface. The coated gloves fully eradicated important hospital‐acquired pathogens including Gram‐positive bacteria, Gram‐negative bacteria, and yeasts within 1 h. The coated gloves showed significant reduction, an average of five logs when tested against all standard strains and most clinical isolates (p < 0.01). Following prolonged exposure, the coating significantly reduced the numbers of most adhered pathogenic species, compared with uncoated gloves (p < 0.0001). AgNPs‐coated gloves reduced microbial adhesion of mixed‐species biofilms. A series of contamination and transmission assays demonstrated no transmission of viable organisms. Biocompatibility analysis confirmed high viability of HaCaT and L929 cells at all concentrations of AgNPs tested. The coated gloves were non‐toxic with direct contact with L929 cells. The highly efficacious AgNPs‐coated gloves potentially provide additional protection against transmission of healthcare‐associated infections.

Biogenic nanosilver-fabricated endotracheal tube to prevent microbial colonization in a veterinary hospital

“…The synthesized AgNPs showed good antimicrobial activities with no cytotoxic effects on HeLa cells (Wunnoo et al 2021). Green-synthesized AgNPs have been studied for applications in food packaging materials (Nwabor et al 2020), and have been used as a coating agent on gloves to prevent microbial transmission (Paosen et al 2021), and on sutures to prevent surgical site infections (Syukri et al 2021).…”

Performance-Enhancing Materials in Medical Gloves

“…The elemental analysis of the coated gloves revealed that 24.8% wt silver was firmly adhered to the surface. Biofilms of S. aureus ATCC 25923, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Candida albicans ATCC 90028 were expected to develop on glove samples during 24 h of incubation [121].…”

“…Images from fluorescence microscopy were stained with a red fluorescent DNA-specific dye that only penetrates cells with damaged membranes and dead bacteria. The pictures revealed that P. aeruginosa cells were significantly less abundant and viable when cultured on AgNP-coated gloves compared to uncoated gloves, suggesting that AgNPs killed and inhibited microbial adhesion [121].…”

“…The viability of gloves coated with AgNPs was proven. These gloves presented significant antimicrobial activity, particularly against multidrug-resistant bacteria, and may be suitable for preventing or minimizing cross-contamination and indirect pathogen transmission in hospital settings [121].…”

Development and In Vitro Validation of Antibacterial Paints Containing Chloroxylenol and Terpineol

“…In this study, the toxicity evaluation approach was based on ISO 10993:5, which establishes the methodology for the in vitro assessment of the cytotoxicity of medical devices and other materials [ 23 ], being also frequently used to assess the toxicity of antimicrobial coatings and materials [ 24 , 25 ]. Following the recommendations of ISO 10993:5, tests by direct contacts and tests on extracts were performed for cytotoxicity evaluation.…”