Prevention of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections through compliance with glove and gown isolation precautions

LeClair, John; Freeman, Jeffrey S.; Sullivan, Benjamin D.; Crowley, Constance M.; Goldman, Deborah A.

doi:10.1016/0196-6553(89)90024-2

Cited by 53 publications

(73 citation statements)

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“…Nosocomial RSV incidence rate was reduced by 4.9-12.9 fold with strict handwashing and patient cohorting, 25 by 2-7.2 fold with rapid screening and cohorting of patients on admission, 26,27 and by a 2.1 fold with gloves and gowns alone. 27,28 A multifaceted infection control program including rapid diagnosis, adequate handwashing and patient cohorting is considered to be the minimally acceptable strategy to prevent nosocomial RSV transmission. 29 Other less studied measures are often added, such as use of masks, goggles and visit restriction for family members with URTI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful prevention of respiratory syncytial virus nosocomial transmission following an enhanced seasonal infection control program

Lavergne

Ghannoum²,

Weiss

et al. 2010

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections can be serious in severely immunocompromised patients. Use of a targeted infection control program (TICP) has been shown to reduce RSV nosocomial transmission. We evaluated the impact of an enhanced seasonal infection control program (ESICP) vs standard TICP in a hematology-oncology ward. TICP was applied from 1999 to 2001 and ESICP applied from 2001 to 2003. ESICP consisted of strict isolation for all patients admitted on the ward during the RSV season. We prospectively evaluated the incidence, related morbidity and mortality of nosocomial RSV in both field interventions. A total of 40 hospitalized RSV infections were documented. The cumulative incidence of nosocomial RSV during TICP and ESICP was respectively of 42.8 and 3.9 cases/1000 admissions (relative risk ¼ 0.09). ESICP needed to be implemented on 26 admitted patients on our ward to prevent one RSV nosocomial case. Furthermore, implementation of ESICP prevented four pneumonias and two deaths per RSV season. We conclude that ESICP is significantly more efficient than TICP to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial RSV infections and its related morbidity and mortality in patients with hematological malignancy and recipients of hematopoietic SCT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful prevention of respiratory syncytial virus nosocomial transmission following an enhanced seasonal infection control program

Lavergne

Ghannoum²,

Weiss

et al. 2010

Bone Marrow Transplant

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“…Handwashing before and after contact with patients is an effective method for removing transient bacteria (Craven et al 1991), but this is often a neglected behavior by medical personnel. The use of gloves and gowns can significantly reduce nosocomial infection and pneumonia (Leclair et al 1987). Hospitals with effective surveillance and infection control programs have rates of pneumonia 20% lower than hospitals without such programs (Haley et al 1985).…”

Section: Handwashingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Strategies for Aspiration Pneumonia in Elderly Disabled Persons

Ohrui

2005

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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OHRUI, T. Preventive Strategies for Aspiration Pneumonia in Elderly Disabled Persons. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2005, 207 (1), [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Pneumonia is the fourth leading cause of death despite the availability of potent new antimicrobials in Japan. Aspiration of oropharyngeal bacterial pathogens to the lower respiratory tract is one of the most important risk factors for pneumonia. Impairments in swallowing and cough reflexes among disabled older persons, e.g., related to cerebrovascular disease, increase the risk of pneumonia. Thus, strategies to reduce the volumes and pathogenicity of aspirated material should be pursued. Since both swallowing and cough reflexes are mediated by endogenous substance P contained in the vagal and glossopharyngeal nerves, pharmacologic therapy using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, which decrease substance P catabolism, can improve both reflexes and result in the lowering of the risk of pneumonia. Similarly, since the production of substance P is regulated by dopaminergic neurons in the cerebral basal ganglia, treatment with dopamine analogs or potentiating drugs such as amantadine can reduce the incidence of pneumonia. Furthermore, since mortality from infections correlates with cutaneous anergy, interventions that reverse these age-associated changes in the immune system are also effective. The main theme of this review is to discuss how pneumonia develops in disabled older people and to suggest preventive strategies that may reduce the incidence of pneumonia among these subjects. pneumonia; disabled older persons; silent aspiration; dopamine; substance P

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“…Several methods for calculation of RSV NI transmission rates have been reported and include number of NI cases observed divided by total number of contacts on the ward, cross-infection rates and number of NI cases per number of patient-care days. 15,22,24,25,27 When specified, RSV NI was identified between 12 and 31 days after admission of the index case and prolonged shedding lasting up to 20 days or more was common in general NICU settings. 9,15,17,29 The length of hospital stay for RSV NI patients can be substantially longer than for those who become infected in the community.…”

Section: Transmission Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,14,21,23-27 Leclair et al 24 assessed compliance with the use of gloves and gowns over three seasons for prevention of RSV NI on an infant and toddler ward. More than 50% of nursing staff were noncompliant with isolation precautions during the first half of the study; however, compliance rates increased to 81 and 95% after the second and third assessments, respectively.…”

Section: Gloves and Gownsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for prevention of RSV nosocomial infection

Groothuis¹,

Bauman²,

Malinoski³

et al. 2008

J Perinatol

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Objective: To review the literature on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as a cause of nosocomial infections (NI) on neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and pediatric wards, and the effectiveness of various containment strategies.Study Design: We conducted a literature review to define characteristics of RSV NI, and to evaluate the relative effectiveness of various infection containment programs, including the use of palivizumab on the reported incidence of RSV NI on NICUs and pediatric wards.Result: Highly variable rates of RSV NI have not significantly changed since RSV was first identified. The evaluation of the effectiveness of containment strategies has relied on before/after study designs. Focus on rapid patient diagnosis, compliance of acceptable handwashing techniques and cohorting of patients and staff appears to form the backbone of most prevention and containment programs. When these or other measures have failed, the administration of palivizumab has been useful in halting the spread of RSV NI in children.

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Prevention of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections through compliance with glove and gown isolation precautions

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

Successful prevention of respiratory syncytial virus nosocomial transmission following an enhanced seasonal infection control program

Successful prevention of respiratory syncytial virus nosocomial transmission following an enhanced seasonal infection control program

Preventive Strategies for Aspiration Pneumonia in Elderly Disabled Persons

Strategies for prevention of RSV nosocomial infection

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