Prevention of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Knowler, William C.; Narayan, Kruthika

doi:10.1006/pmed.1994.1118

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Since lifestyle factors are important in preventing diabetes [125,126], interaction of gene variants with measures of dietary intake and exercise have been selected for studies on gene-environment interaction. For example, HNF1B (rs 4430796) was shown to interact with exercise; low levels of activity enhanced the risk of T2D in association with absence of the risk allele, but there was no protective effect of exercise when the allele was present.…”

Section: Gene-environment Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 Diabetes Genetics: Beyond GWAS

Sanghera¹,

Blackett²

2012

J Diabetes Metab

118

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The global epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is one of the most challenging problems of the 21st century leading cause of and the fifth death worldwide. Substantial evidence suggests that T2D is a multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified and replicated nearly 75 susceptibility loci associated with T2D and related metabolic traits, mostly in Europeans, and some in African, and South Asian populations. The GWAS serve as a starting point for future genetic and functional studies since the mechanisms of action by which these associated loci influence disease is still unclear and it is difficult to predict potential implication of these findings in clinical settings. Despite extensive replication, no study has unequivocally demonstrated their clinical role in the disease management beyond progression to T2D from impaired glucose tolerance. However, these studies are revealing new molecular pathways underlying diabetes etiology, gene-environment interactions, epigenetic modifications, and gene function. This review highlights evolving progress made in the rapidly moving field of T2D genetics that is starting to unravel the pathophysiology of a complex phenotype and has potential to show clinical relevance in the near future.

show abstract

Section: Gene-environment Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 Diabetes Genetics: Beyond GWAS

Sanghera¹,

Blackett²

2012

J Diabetes Metab

118

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interventions that have been proposed and tested for the modification and treatment of NIDDM are weight reduction, exercise, dietary modification, and administration of oral drugs (DeFronzo et al, 1992;Knowler et al, 1995). The results of these present studies strongly suggest that intervention with an herbal diet supplement, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…During the progression of type 2 diabetes, the development of both insulin resistance and α -and β -cell dysfunctions appear to be the basic metabolic abnormalities leading to the long-term disease (Saad et al , 1991). Despite advances in understanding the aetiology and treatments of such sugar imbalance problems with their possible linkage to genetics, diet, exercise, autoimmunity and viral aetiology factors (de Fronzo et al , 1992;Knowler et al , 1995), Western medicine has had limited success in maintaining normal sugar balance during long term treatment of persons with chronic type 2 diabetes (Sartor et al , 1980;Keen et al , 1982). In contrast, herbal diet supplements and medicines from the Far East have been used for centuries to strengthen elements of the body's resistance to sugar imbalances (Keij, 1981;Teng, 1983;Huo et al , 1988;Pang, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of the progression of type 2 diabetes in the C57BL/6J mouse model by an anti‐diabetes herbal formula

Winters

Huo

Yao

2003

Phytotherapy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of a specifically prepared anti-diabetic herbal formula (ADHF) on the course of established diet-induced type 2 diabetes in animal subjects has been studied. In a C57BL/6J mouse model for diet induced type 2 diabetes, intervention for 12 weeks using ADHF as a diet supplement resulted in a significant inhibition of diabetes related changes in major organs usually targeted by type 2 diabetes and a significant reduction in circulating levels of glucose and insulin. Young male mice were randomly assigned to receive ad libitum exposure to either a standard rodent chow diet or to a high fat, high simple sugar, low fibre diet (diabetes induction diet), respectively for 8 weeks. All mice fed the induction diet developed abnormally high blood glucose levels at 8 weeks. Animals with confirmed diet induced diabetic blood glucose levels were again randomly assigned into one of three groups (10 subjects per group), one group was thereafter fed only the diabetes induction diet and the other two groups were thereafter fed the diabetes induction diet into which ADHF had been mixed at 4% or at 8% fi nal concentrations. Normal mice were also randomized into two groups that were fed either a regular diet alone or 8% ADHF mixed in the regular diet. Blood glucose levels markedly increased over the 20 weeks of study in the diabetic mice fed the diabetes induction diet only. In contrast, diabetic mice fed induction diet into which 4% or 8% ADHF had been incorporated showed significantly decreased blood glucose and insulin levels over the time of the study. Additional parameters significantly reduced in diabetic mice fed ADHF included insulin resistance and histopathological changes in the pancreas and liver. This is the fi rst report to our knowledge to show in vivo evidence for significantly decreased circulating glucose and insulin levels and a significant reduction of progressive damage to major target organs by the addition of an herbal diet supplement to a diabetes induction diet proven to be capable of causing and maintaining type 2 diabetes.

show abstract

“…1 The prevalence of overweight and obesity among American Indian children ages 5 to 17 living in the Northern Plains region of the United States is reported to be 2 to 4 times the national average. 2,3 Investigators [4][5][6] propose that alterations in American Indian lifestyles, such as increased sedentary behaviors and the "Westernization" of the American Indian diet (eg, high fat and total energy), have contributed to the epidemic of type 2 diabetes in American Indians. [7][8][9][10][11] Evidence from observational and interventional studies, [12][13][14][15][16][17] as well as from school-based curriculum programs, 18,19 suggests that behavioral approaches to increase daily physical activity and modify dietary intake of total fat can reduce risk factors associated with diabetes such as overweight and obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translating the Diabetes Prevention Program for Northern Plains Indian Youth Through Community-Based Participatory Research Methods

Brown¹,

Harris²,

Harris³

et al. 2010

Diabetes Educ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The purpose of this study was to use a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to translate the original Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) to be age and culturally specific for American Indian (AI) youth. Methods Tribally enrolled members on 2 Montana Indian reservations conducted focus groups and interviews to discuss community members’ perspectives of factors that encouraged or were barriers to healthy diet and exercise behaviors in AI youth. In total, 31 community members, aged 10 to 68 years old, participated in 4 focus groups and 14 individual interviews. Participants were self-identified as elder, cultural expert, tribal health worker, educator, parent/guardian, youth, or school food service worker. Researchers analyzed transcripts based on inductive methods of grounded theory. Results Data analysis revealed translating the DPP to youth was contingent on the lessons incorporating cultural strategies for healthy behaviors in youth such as berry picking, gardening, horseback riding, and dancing; improving knowledge and access to healthy foods and physical activity for youth and their parents; having interactive, hands-on learning activities for healthy lifestyles in the DPP lessons; using a group format and tribal members to deliver the DPP lessons; and having tribal elders talk to youth about the importance of adopting healthy behaviors when they are young. Conclusions A CBPR approach engaged community members to identify strategies inherent in their culture, tradition, and environment that could effectively translate the DPP to Montana Indian youth living in rural reservation communities.

show abstract

Prevention of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Type 2 Diabetes Genetics: Beyond GWAS

Type 2 Diabetes Genetics: Beyond GWAS

Inhibition of the progression of type 2 diabetes in the C57BL/6J mouse model by an anti‐diabetes herbal formula

Translating the Diabetes Prevention Program for Northern Plains Indian Youth Through Community-Based Participatory Research Methods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About