Prevention of neural tube defects: Results of the Medical Research Council vitamin study

Wald, Nicholas; Sneddon, Jean; Densem, J. W.; Frost, Carrie; Stone, R.

doi:10.1016/0020-7292(92)90076-u

Cited by 399 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The daily recommended intake for an adult is 200 µg. For pregnant women a double dose is recommended, since folic acid is known to prevent neural-tube defect in newly borns [42]. Low folic acid in the diet is associated with high homocysteine levels in the blood and, subsequently, with coronary diseases [8,9,30].…”

Section: Folic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceutical production by propionibacteria

Hugenholtz

Hunik

Santos

et al. 2002

Lait

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-Propionibacteria are able to produce a wide variety of food components that are benificial to the human health. First of all, because of its unique metabolism, Propionibacterium contains a wide variety of co-factors, mainly involved in transfer and rearrangement of C1-compounds. This microorganism has been known for decades as an efficient vitamin B 12 (deoxy adenosyl cobalamin) producer. In this contribution, a new fermentation strategy is described leading to fermentation broths with high levels of this vitamin. In addition, some strains within the Propionibacterium genus can produce large amounts of folic acid. Other potential beneficial or nutritional ingredients produced by these bacteria are anti-microbial compounds such as propionic acid and bacteriocins. Propionic acid is reported to have potent growth-inhibiting effects on fungi and as such the Propionibacterium fermentation has great potential in food preservation. In addition, several bacteriocins have been found to be produced by these bacteria such as propionicin PLG-1 and jenseniin G, acting against a variety of Gram(+) bacteria. Finally, the production of high (intracellular) levels of the low-calorie sugar trehalose is reported. This sugar, presumably, functions as compatible solute in this bacterium and certain strains accumulate huge amounts under selected conditions. The possibility for application of this metabolism are discussed.Propionibacterium / folate / vitamin B 12 / trehalose / antimicrobial Résumé -Production de nutraceutiques par les bactéries propioniques. Les bactéries propioniques sont capables de produire une grande variété de composés alimentaires bénéfiques pour la santé humaine. En premier lieu, en raison de son métabolisme unique, Propionibacterium contient une grande variété de co-facteurs, principalement impliqués dans le transfert et le réarrangement de composés C1. Ce microorganisme a été reconnu depuis des décennies comme producteur efficace de vitamine B 12 (deoxy adenosyl cobalamine). Dans cet article, une nouvelle stratégie de fermentation est décrite conduisant à des bouillons de fermentation avec des niveaux élevés de cette vitamine. De plus, certaines souches dans le genre Propionibacterium peuvent produire de grandes quantités d'acide folique. D'autres ingrédients potentiellement bénéfiques ou nutritionnels produits par ces bactéries sont des composés anti-microbiens comme l'acide propionique et les bactériocines. L'acide propionique est décrit pour avoir des effets puissants d'inhibition de la croissance fongique, et de ce fait, la fermentation de Propionibacterium a de grandes potentialités en conservation des aliments. De plus, plusieurs bactériocines sont produites par ces bactéries telles que la propionicine PLG-1 et la jenseniine G, actives contre plusieurs bactéries Gram(+). Enfin, la production de niveaux élevés (intracellulaires) de tréhalose, sucre peu calorique, a été décrite. Ce sucre, probablement, fonctionne comme soluté compatible dans cette bactérie, et certaines souches accumulent de qua...

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Section: Folic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceutical production by propionibacteria

Hugenholtz

Hunik

Santos

et al. 2002

Lait

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“…The multifactorial etiology of NTDs includes genetic predisposition, maternal nutritional deficiencies and other environmental factors (Eskes, 1998;Melvin et al, 2000). Notably, folate deficiency during pregnancy is one of the most important risk factors for NTDs and the periconceptional supplementation of folic acid has proven to prevent 50-70% of NTDs (Wald et al, 1991;De Wals et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of neural tube defects in children of mothers with MTHFR 677TT genotype and abnormal carbohydrate metabolism risk: a case-control study

et al. 2014

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ABSTRACT. Abnormalities in maternal folate and carbohydrate 2201©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 13 (1): 2200-2207 (2014) Combination of risk factors in spina bifida metabolism have both been shown to induce neural tube defects (NTD) in humans and animal models. However, the relationship between these two factors in the development of NTDs remains unclear. Data from mothers of children with spina bifida seen at the Unidad de Espina Bífida del Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocío (case group) were compared to mothers of healthy children with no NTD (control group) who were randomly selected from patients seen at the outpatient ward in the same hospital. There were 25 individuals in the case group and 41 in the control group. Analysis of genotypes for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677CT polymorphism in women with or without risk factors for abnormal carbohydrate metabolism revealed that mothers who were homozygous for the MTHFR 677TT polymorphism and at risk of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism were more likely to have offspring with spina bifida and high levels of homocysteine, compared to the control group. The increased incidence of NTDs in mothers homozygous for the MTHFR 677TT polymorphism and at risk of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism stresses the need for careful metabolic screening in pregnant women, and, if necessary, determination of the MTHFR 677CT genotype in those mothers at risk of developing abnormal carbohydrate metabolism.

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“…Preconceptional supplementation of folic acid has shown a prevention of occurrence and recurrence of NTD (1,2) , which led to the practice of fortifying grain products with folic acid since 1998 in the USA, and which significantly decreased the incidence of NTD. However, the mechanisms of how folate decreases NTD risk are unknown (3) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal serum vitamin B₁₂, folate and homocysteine and the risk of neural tube defects in the offspring in a high-risk area of China

Zhang

Xin

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the association between the risk of neural tube defects (NTD) and maternal serum vitamin B 12 , folate and homocysteine in a high-risk area of China. Design: A case-control study was carried out in Luliang mountain area of Shanxi Province. Subjects/setting: A total of eighty-four NTD pregnancies and 110 matched controls were included in the study; their serum vitamin B 12 and folate concentrations were measured by chemiluminescent immunoenzyme assay and total homocysteine concentrations by fluorescent polarisation immunoassay. Results: Serum vitamin B 12 and folate concentrations were lower in NTD-affected pregnant women than in controls (P , 0?01). Serum total homocysteine was higher in the NTD group than in controls at less than 21 weeks of gestation (P , 0?01). Adjusted odds ratios revealed that women with lower vitamin B 12 (adjusted OR54?96; 95 % CI 1?94, 12?67) and folate (adjusted OR53?23; 95 % CI 1?33, 7?85) concentrations had a higher risk of NTD compared to controls. Based on dietary analysis, less consumption of meat, egg or milk, fresh vegetables and fruit intake would increase the risk of NTD. Conclusions: Lower serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B 12 are related to the increased risk of NTD in high-risk populations. Both folate and vitamin B 12 intake insufficiency could contribute to the increased risk of NTD. A dietary supplement, combining folate and vitamin B 12 , might be an effective measure to decrease the NTD incidence in these areas.

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Prevention of neural tube defects: Results of the Medical Research Council vitamin study

Cited by 399 publications

References 22 publications

Nutraceutical production by propionibacteria

Nutraceutical production by propionibacteria

Association of neural tube defects in children of mothers with MTHFR 677TT genotype and abnormal carbohydrate metabolism risk: a case-control study

Maternal serum vitamin B₁₂, folate and homocysteine and the risk of neural tube defects in the offspring in a high-risk area of China

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Prevention of neural tube defects: Results of the Medical Research Council vitamin study

Cited by 399 publications

References 22 publications

Nutraceutical production by propionibacteria

Nutraceutical production by propionibacteria

Association of neural tube defects in children of mothers with MTHFR 677TT genotype and abnormal carbohydrate metabolism risk: a case-control study

Maternal serum vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine and the risk of neural tube defects in the offspring in a high-risk area of China

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Maternal serum vitamin B₁₂, folate and homocysteine and the risk of neural tube defects in the offspring in a high-risk area of China