Prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission of hepatitis <scp>B</scp> virus (<scp>HBV</scp>) during pregnancy and the puerperium: Current standards of care

Giles, Michelle; Grace, R. Randall; Tai, Amy L.S.; Michalak, Katarzyna; Walker, Susan P.

doi:10.1111/ajo.12061

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Secondly, there are a lack of regular medical physical examinations conducted amongst chronic virus carriers and many other people are asymptomatic and unaware of their carrier status (Lok et al, 1991). Thirdly, there is a lack of public knowledge about factors such as lifestyle which are important for the prevention of hepatitis and liver cancer (Nobili et al, 2008;Giles et al, 2013). Lastly, liver cancer in adults has a poor prognosis, because it tends to be diagnosed at the advanced stages of the disease, and also, many people with liver cancer also develop comorbid liver disease such as cirrhosis, which is frequently fatal, leading to low survival rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inpatients' Knowledge about Primary Liver Cancer and Hepatitis

Xu²,

Xu³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To assess the level of an inpatient population's awareness about hepatitis and primary liver cancer (PLC), the most common type of which is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and then to initiate education of this group. Methods: A survey was conducted with 1300 participants within the inpatient unit in representative tertiary hospitals in the Chaoshan area of China. Structured questionnaires contained demographic data and statements about different aspects of liver cancer and hepatitis. The questionnaires were completed by trained medical practitioners after they had conducted the interviews. Results: One way ANOVA showed that the sample population lacked adequate knowledge about HCC and hepatitis. Stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the participant's level of education had the greatest impact on their total knowledge score when other variables remained constant. Conclusions: The study demonstrated: a general lack of awareness amongst the participants about the preventative strategies, and the management options available for people with primary liver cancer and hepatitis; education level was an important factor affecting knowledge levels. The demonstrated deficiencies in people's knowledge about hepatitis and HCC, and their lack of subsequent protective behaviours are likely to play an important role in HCC and hepatitis transmission or prevention.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inpatients' Knowledge about Primary Liver Cancer and Hepatitis

Xu²,

Xu³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among 398 pregnancies in 344 HBsAg-positive women, the rate of assessment of viral replicative status—through HBeAg testing or viral load—was low 51. In addition, there was no evidence that the number of invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures was decreased in this population; 24 invasive procedures were performed, 6 of which were chorionic villus sampling and 18 were amniocentesis 51. Assessment of HBeAg or viral load was performed in only 3 of 24 invasive procedures.…”

Section: Hbv Treatment Considerations In Women Of Childbearing Agementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Compliance with current recommendations, however, is poor as shown by an audit of births at three hospitals in Victoria between July 2006 and June 2011 51. Among 398 pregnancies in 344 HBsAg-positive women, the rate of assessment of viral replicative status—through HBeAg testing or viral load—was low 51.…”

Section: Hbv Treatment Considerations In Women Of Childbearing Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Managing HBV in pregnancy. Prevention, prophylaxis, treatment and follow-up: position paper produced by Australian, UK and New Zealand key opinion leaders

Visvanathan

Dusheiko

Giles

et al. 2015

Gut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis B during pregnancy presents unique management issues for both the mother and fetus. These include the lack of a current cohesive strategy for treatment and follow-up of mothers and their babies; the uncertain risk of postpartum HBV flares; the lack of randomised trial data on the safety and efficacy of antiviral treatment in pregnancy; the lack of head-to-head studies comparing different antivirals in pregnancy; and the lack of epidemiologic information regarding infection across different populations globally. This position paper provides a comprehensive review of the management of women with HBV infection prior to conception, throughout each stage of pregnancy and postpartum, as well as recommendations and clinical approaches for the follow-up of children born to infected mothers, based on available evidence in the literature and recommendations from international experts. Prevention of perinatal transmission is an important component of global efforts to reduce the burden of chronic HBV since vertical transmission is responsible for most of the chronic infection worldwide.

show abstract

“…However, identification of HBsAg-positive mothers is not enough because the necessary measures are often not taken. Even in developed countries like the UK [60] or New Zealand [61] viremia is often not determined and an indicated antiviral therapy not initiated. If the current possibilities of diagnosis and therapy would be implemented, mother-to-child transmission of HBV could be prevented completely.…”

Section: Treatment Of Pregnant Women With High Viremiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Infectivity in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Carriers among Healthcare Providers and Pregnant Women by Antiviral Therapy

Gerlich

2014

Intervirology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main purpose of therapy for infectious diseases is restoration or protection of the patient's health, but suppression or elimination of infectious agents is also important. In two well-defined situations, reduction of potential infectivity may be the main reason for therapy in hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers who do not suffer from significant disease: (1) healthcare providers who perform exposure-prone procedures to prevent transmission of HBV to individuals, and (2) pregnant women in the third trimester to prevent transmission to the fetus. This article describes the necessity to recognize highly viremic HBV-infected individuals in these situations, the methods to estimate the risk of transmission, and the therapeutic possibilities to prevent transmission. With today's methods of monitoring HBV DNA, it is possible to reliably estimate the risk of transmission. The drugs entecavir or tenofovir are able to suppress infectivity of HBV carriers to levels acceptable for healthcare providers performing exposure-prone procedures. According to the CDC, ‘chronic HBV infection in itself should not preclude the practice or study of medicine, surgery, dentistry, or allied health professions.' Treatment of pregnant women with very high levels of HBV DNA prevents the transmission to the fetus and further if the newborn receives immediate active/passive immunization against HBV.

show abstract

Prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) during pregnancy and the puerperium: Current standards of care

Abstract: There is scope for considerable improvement in referral and assessment of pregnant women with hepatitis B infection. Guidelines addressing the issue of maternal viral replicative status and the need for antiviral therapy may assist in guiding clinical management.

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Inpatients' Knowledge about Primary Liver Cancer and Hepatitis

Inpatients' Knowledge about Primary Liver Cancer and Hepatitis

Managing HBV in pregnancy. Prevention, prophylaxis, treatment and follow-up: position paper produced by Australian, UK and New Zealand key opinion leaders

Reduction of Infectivity in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Carriers among Healthcare Providers and Pregnant Women by Antiviral Therapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About