Prevention of iodine deficiency in pregnant and lactating women: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES

Abstract

The aim of study was to research the state of iodine prophylactic in pregnant women in Russian Federation and offer the optimal levels of daily iodine intake during pregnancy and lactation.414 pregnant and breast-feeding women and 256 newborns from 3 various regions of Russian Federation were observed in this survey. Women have been divided into 2 groups: 1st group taking of 200 μg of KI per day, 2nd group 300 KI μg per day during pregnancy and lactation.The following surveys were performed: TSH; fT4; AT'TPO; urinary iodine concentration (UIC); indicators of hemoglobin, erythrocytes, hematocrit, iron, ferritin; ultrasound examination of a thyroid.Initially, the median of UIC in all regions is below threshold level 150 μg/l. In Nizhny Novgorod it is 140,8 μg/l; Smolensk -62,7 μg/l and Moscow Region 127,5 μg/l that confirms iodine insufficient in pregnant women.Optimal iodine nutrition during pregnancy and lactation is reached by the only regular iodine prophylactic, and the requirement of iodine should be at least 250 μg/day.With presence of the iron deficiency anemia which was revealed in 22,3% of pregnant women, efficiency of iodine prophylactic is decreasing and optimum preventive doses of iodine for the this category of pregnant women is at least300 μg/day.