Prevention of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Liver Cancer

Lim, Eu Jin; Torresi, Joseph

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-57362-1_6

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…However, benefiting from early screening for HCV and the advent of Direct‐Acting Antiviral, the ASR for LCHC has shown a declining pattern. 4 , 20 , 21 The cause of Hepatitis C differs between countries. In developing countries, it is mainly due to infections of medical origin, contaminated needles, etc., while in developed countries it is mainly due to exposure to high‐risk factors and injection drug use, unclean sexual practices, etc 22 , 23 The exact association between HCV and liver cancer is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While previous studies have elaborated on the four major etiologies of liver cancer, including hepatitis B (LCHB), hepatitis C(LCHC), liver cancer attributed to alcohol use (LCAL), and other causes (LCOT) of liver cancer, in the last few years, liver cancer due to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has gradually gained attention as the fifth leading cause of liver cancer. 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 From a global perspective, the etiology of liver cancer can differ drastically from one region to another. For example, in East Asia, infection with hepatitis B and aflatoxin are the predominant causative factors, however, the burden of hepatitis B in Southern Latin America is the lowest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global burden of primary liver cancer by five etiologies and global prediction by 2035 based on global burden of disease study 2019

et al. 2022

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Background: Using data from the global burden of disease (GBD) between 1990 and 2019 to report the leading etiological factors and hazards for liver cancer by HBV (LCHB), HCV (LCHC), alcoholic use (LCAL), NASH (LCNA), and other causes (LCOT). Method:The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) in different districts, sex, and age are used to quantify the change of etiologies of liver cancer. Age-period-cohort models were performed to predict the primary liver cancer incidence and case numbers.Results: Based on the GBD database of the whole world for the five etiologies of liver cancer in 2019, the percentage of incidence of LCAL, LCHB, LCHC, LCNA, and LCOT are 18.4%, 41%, 28.5%, 6.8%, and 5.3%, respectively. Fiver etiologies of liver cancer show gender differences, with LCHB and LCAL being more prevalent in men, and LCHC, LCNA being more prevalent in women. Besides, live cancer of males is because of alcohol using and smoking, while the reason of liver cancer of females is drug use, high BMI and high fasting plasma glucose. Interestingly, the incidence of LCHC in women over 85 years old, LCNA in women over 75 years old, and LCOT in women over 75 years old were all higher than that in men.According to the future prediction, the incidence rate of liver cancer itself, as well as the five causes of liver cancer, tends to decrease gradually after 2019, while the incidence rate of LCNA in males will continue to increase until 2025. Conclusions:The incidence of liver cancer has been increasing and its major causes vary considerably at global, regional, or national levels, also vary by gender and age group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global burden of primary liver cancer by five etiologies and global prediction by 2035 based on global burden of disease study 2019

et al. 2022

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“…Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for around 75–90% of all the primary liver cancer cases ( Ringehan et al, 2017 ). It is the fifth most prevalent cancer ( Lim and Torresi, 2021 ) and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide ( Lim and Torresi, 2021 ). One of the current clinical challenges for HCC management is that most of the HCC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage along with concomitant complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Wogonin and Artesunate Exhibits Synergistic anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Effect by Increasing DNA-Damage-Inducible Alpha, Tumor Necrosis Factor α and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Factor 3-mediated Apoptosis

Chen

Wong

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is difficult to treat, and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This study aimed to examine whether combination of wogonin and artesunate exhibits synergistic anti-HCC effect. Our data show that the combination treatment exhibits synergistic effect in reducing HCC cell viability by increasing apoptosis as indicated by the elevated cleavage of caspase 8, 3 and PARP. Interestingly, PCR array and the subsequent studies indicate that the combination treatment significantly increases the expression of DNA-damage-inducible, alpha (GADD45A), tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) and TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3). Knockdown of GADD45A, TNFα or TRAF3 abolishes the combination treatment-enhanced apoptosis and the synergistic effect in reducing HCC cell viability. In the HCC-bearing xenograft mouse models, although the combination treatment increases the activity of NFκB in the tumor tissues, it exhibits a more potent anti-HCC effect than the mono-treatment, which may due to the enhanced apoptosis as indicated by the increased expression of GADD45A, TNFα, TRAF3 and apoptotic markers. Our study clearly demonstrates that the combination of artesunate and wogonin exhibits synergistic anti-HCC effect, and support the further development of this combination as alternative therapeutics for HCC management.

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Prevention of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Liver Cancer

Cited by 2 publications

References 175 publications

Global burden of primary liver cancer by five etiologies and global prediction by 2035 based on global burden of disease study 2019

Global burden of primary liver cancer by five etiologies and global prediction by 2035 based on global burden of disease study 2019

Combination of Wogonin and Artesunate Exhibits Synergistic anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Effect by Increasing DNA-Damage-Inducible Alpha, Tumor Necrosis Factor α and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Factor 3-mediated Apoptosis

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