Prevention of fungal colonization and digestion of cellulose by the addition of methylcellulose

Cheng, K.-J.; Kudo, Hiroshi; Duncan, Sylvia H.; Mesbah, Amira E.; Stewart, C. S.; Bernalier, Annick; Fonty, Gérard; Costerton, J. W.

doi:10.1139/m91-081

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As with cellulolytic bacteria, methylcellulose prevents the attachment of fungi t o cellulose (Cheng et al, 1991b) and suggests a commonality in the mechanisms of attachment between cellulolytic ruminal fungi and bacteria. In coculture, R. flavefaciens and R. albus inhibit the cellulolytic activity of Neocallimastix frontalis and Piromyces communis (Fonty and Joblin, 1991).…”

Section: Attachment To Fibermentioning

confidence: 94%

Microbial attachment and feed digestion in the rumen

McAllister¹,

Bae²,

Jones

et al. 1994

Journal of Animal Science

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494

373

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Direct microscopic examination of the rumen and its contents shows microbial populations largely attached to feed particles in the digesta. Most feeds contain a surface layer that is resistant to attachment and therefore to digestion. Infiltration of these recalcitrant epidermal layers through damage sites or through focused enzymatic attack is essential for initiation of the digestive process. Proliferation of primary colonizing cells produces glycocalyx-enclosed microcolonies. Secondary colonizers from the ruminal fluid associate with microcolonies, resulting in the formation of multispecies microbial biofilms. These metabolically related organisms associate with their preferred substrates and produce the myriad of enzymes necessary for the digestion of chemically and structurally complex plant tissues. Upon accessing the internal, enzyme-susceptible tissues, microbial "digestive consortia" attach to a variety of nutrients, including protein, cellulose, and starch and digest insoluble feed materials from the inside out. Substances that prevent microbial attachment or promote detachment (e.g., condensed tannins, methylcellulose) can completely inhibit cellulose digestion. As the microbial consortium matures and adapts to a particular type of feed, it becomes inherently stable and its participant microorganisms are notoriously difficult to manipulate due to the impenetrable nature of biofilms. Properties of feed that place constraints on microbial attachment and biofilm formation can have a profound effect on both the rate and extent of feed digestion in the rumen. Developments in feed processing (i.e., chemical and physical), plant breeding, and genetic engineering (both of ruminal microorganisms and plants) that overcome these constraints through the promotion of microbial attachment and biofilm formation could substantially benefit ruminant production.

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Section: Attachment To Fibermentioning

confidence: 94%

Microbial attachment and feed digestion in the rumen

McAllister¹,

Bae²,

Jones

et al. 1994

Journal of Animal Science

Self Cite

494

373

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…F. succinogenes adhered to cut edges of most plant cells except those of xylem. The necessity of adhesion for cellulose digestion by ruminal microorganisms was further demonstrated by the observation that a low concentration of methylcellulose, which blocked adhesion of bacteria and fungi (Cheng et al, 1991b) to cellulose, also blocked cellulose digestion. In contrast, Ruminococcus flavefaciens predominated on uncut surfaces of epidermis, phloem and schlerenchyma cell walls.…”

Section: Adhesion Of Ruminal Microorganisms To Plant Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem

Hobson¹,

Stewart²

1997

347

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“…Such a situation may be due to the effect of the crosstalk between methylcellulose, chitin, and T. viride within a complex regulatory network that leads to an unchanged SOD activity level. Although methylcellulose is an inhibitor of cellulase that prevents the cellulolytic activity of pathogenic fungi ( Cheng et al, 1991 ), and it is a potential signal of pathogen invasion, the higher SOD activity is not necessarily a sign of oxidative stress defined as an imbalance between ROS production and scavenging. The increase in SOD activity and/or expression of genes encoding SOD was found at early seedling development stages in many plant species, including soybean ( Puntarulo et al, 1991 ; Gidrol et al, 1994 ), goosefoot ( Bogdanović, Radotić & Mitrović, 2008 ), and mung bean ( Singh, Chaudhuri & Kar, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New seed coating containing Trichoderma viride with anti-pathogenic properties

Turkan

Mierek‐Adamska

Kulasek

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Background To ensure food security in the face of climate change and the growing world population, multi-pronged measures should be taken. One promising approach uses plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF), such as Trichoderma, to reduce the usage of agrochemicals and increase plant yield, stress tolerance, and nutritional value. However, large-scale applications of PGPF have been hampered by several constraints, and, consequently, usage on a large scale is still limited. Seed coating, a process that consists of covering seeds with low quantities of exogenous materials, is gaining attention as an efficient and feasible delivery system for PGPF. Methods We have designed a new seed coating composed of chitin, methylcellulose, and Trichoderma viride spores and assessed its effect on canola (Brassica napus L.) growth and development. For this purpose, we analyzed the antifungal activity of T. viride against common canola pathogenic fungi (Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium culmorum, and Colletotrichum sp.). Moreover, the effect of seed coating on germination ratio and seedling growth was evaluated. To verify the effect of seed coating on plant metabolism, we determined superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and expression of the stress-related RSH (RelA/SpoT homologs). Results Our results showed that the T. viride strains used for seed coating significantly restricted the growth of all three pathogens, especially F. culmorum, for which the growth was inhibited by over 40%. Additionally, the new seed coating did not negatively affect the ability of the seeds to complete germination, increased seedling growth, and did not induce the plant stress response. To summarize, we have successfully developed a cost-effective and environmentally responsible seed coating, which will also be easy to exploit on an industrial scale.

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Prevention of fungal colonization and digestion of cellulose by the addition of methylcellulose

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Microbial attachment and feed digestion in the rumen

Microbial attachment and feed digestion in the rumen

The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem

New seed coating containing Trichoderma viride with anti-pathogenic properties

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