Prevention of CaCO3 scale formation by trace amounts of copper (II) in comparison to zinc (II)

Zeppenfeld, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2009.10.025

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Consequently, the crystal nucleus was restricted to achieve a critical size, and therefore reduction of a mass scale occured. This result is in agreement with the previous findings, indicating the presence of metal ions lead to the reduction of the mass scale [8,9].…”

Section: Investigation Of the Induction Time For Caco 3 Formationsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Apparently, the presence of these additives can also result in the prolonged induction time, leading to the slower precipitation time [11,12]. This is because the Cu 2+ ions may be adsorbed on the surface of the nucleus and hence inhibiting the formation of nucleus and crystal growth [9].…”

Section: Investigation Of the Induction Time For Caco 3 Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, metal ions such as Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ have been commonly used to control the growth of the calcium carbonate scale [8,9]. Here, the thermodynamically most stable phase is calcite and can be easily formed under normal conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystallization of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in a flowing system: Influence of Cu2+ additives on induction time and crystalline phase transformation

Usmany¹,

Putranto²,

Bayuseno³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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The Raman spectrum of CaCO 3 polymorphs calcite and aragonite: A combined experimental and computational study The Journal of Chemical Physics 140, 164509 (2014) Abstract. Scaling of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) is commonly found in piping systems in oil, gas, desalination and other chemical processes. The scale may create technical problems, leading to the reduction of heat transfer, increase of energy consumption and unscheduled equipment shutdown. This paper presents crystallization scaling experiments and evaluation of the effect of Cu 2+ additives on the induction time and calcium carbonate transformation. The crystals precursors were prepared using equimolar of CaCl 2 and Na 2 CO 3 resulted in concentrations of 3000 ppm Ca 2+ in the solution. The Cu 2+ in amounts of 0, 1 and 10 ppm was separately added in the solution. The flow rates (20, 35, and 60 mL/min) and elevated temperatures (27, 35 and 45 0 C) were selected in the study. The induction time for crystallization of CaCO 3 was observed by measuring the solution conductivity over time, while the phase transformation of calcium carbonate was examined by XRD method and SEM/EDX. It was found that the conductivity remained steady for a certain period reflecting to the induction time of crystal formation, and then decreased sharply afterwards,. The induction time was increased from 34 and 48 minutes in the presence of Cu additives (1 and 10 ppm), depending on the flow rates and temperature observed. In all the experiments, the Cu 2+ addition leads to the reduction of mass of crystals. Apparently, the presence of Cu 2+ could inhibit the CaCO 3 crystallization. In the absence of Cu 2+ and at elevated temperature, the crystals obtained were a mixture of vaterite and calcite. In the presence of Cu 2+ and at elevated temperature, the crystals formed were aragonite and calcite. Here, the presence of Cu 2+ additives might have controlled the crystal transformation of CaCO 3 .

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Section: Investigation Of the Induction Time For Caco 3 Formationsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Investigation Of the Induction Time For Caco 3 Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Crystallization of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in a flowing system: Influence of Cu2+ additives on induction time and crystalline phase transformation

Usmany¹,

Putranto²,

Bayuseno³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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show abstract

“… 500 mg/L, pH 6.89) and dynamic ( 3 HCO  1000 mg/L, pH 7.01) test, which were much higher than these in the previous studies (Ω < 10) [24][25][26][27]. Although negligible impacts on CaCO 3 formation by themselves, these heavy metal ions exhibited considerable influences on the performance of scale inhibitors.…”

Section: Hcomentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Meyer [22] . Zeppenfeld et al [25] observed a significant increase of CaCO 3 nucleation induction period and about 90% inhibition efficiency attained by Cu 2+ contents of > 2 mg/L. Moreover, Pernot et al [26] indicated that the number of CaCO 3 crystals was increased in solution containing 0.5 and 5 mg/L Zn 2+ and suggested that zinc ions might act as an accelerator of heterogeneous nucleation in the bulk solution instead of on the surface.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%