“…In support of the premise that interparental hostility might be causally related to adolescent depressive symptoms, the association has been documented in several longitudinal studies (Barton et al, 2015; Cui, Conger, & Lorenz, 2005; Cui, Donnellan, & Conger, 2007; Cummings et al, 2014; Lee, Wickrama, & Simons, 2013). The association also exists across diverse ethnic groups (e.g., Barton et al, 2015; Krishnakumar, Buehler, & Barber, 2003) and controlling for other problems linked with internalizing problems, such as externalizing difficulties (Buehler, Benson, & Gerard, 2006; Benson, Buehler, & Gerard, 2008). Two meta-analyses published almost two decades apart have indicated that the link between interparental conflict or hostility and adolescents’ internalizing problems (especially depressive symptoms) is well-supported across studies (Buehler et al, 1997; Yap et al, 2014).…”