Prevention and Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia

Rossi, Alfredo; Caro, Gemma; Fortuna, Maria Caterina; Pigliacelli, Flavia; D’Arino, Andrea; Carlesimo, Marta

doi:10.5826/dpc.1003a74

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The FGFR inhibitor should be permanently discontinued in the event of grade ≥4 side effect or if the patient has persistent grade ≥3 side effect even after two dose reductions. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) task force recommendations and dermatology consensus guidelines provide an excellent resource for the management of chemotherapy-induced alopecia, paronychia, and stomatitis [71,72]. Patients should be encouraged that alopecia is resolved on therapy discontinuation and minoxidil 5% and high-potency topical steroids are reasonable options for prophylactic and therapeutic use.…”

Section: Dermatologic Toxicitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

FGFR Inhibitors in Oncology: Insight on the Management of Toxicities in Clinical Practice

Kommalapati

Tella

Borad

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Fibroblast Growth Factor receptor (FGFR) pathway aberrations have been implicated in approximately 7% of the malignancies. As our knowledge of FGFR aberrations in cancer continues to evolve, FGFR inhibitors emerged as potential targeted therapeutic agents. The promising results of pemigatinib and infigratinib in advanced unresectable cholangiocarcinoma harboring FGFR2 fusions or rearrangement, and erdafitinib in metastatic urothelial carcinoma with FGFR2 and FGFR3 genetic aberrations, lead to their accelerated approval by the United States (USA) FDA. Along with these agents, many phase II/III clinical trials are currently evaluating the use of derazantinib, infigratinib, and futibatinib either alone or in combination with immunotherapy. Despite the encouraging results seen with FGFR inhibitors, resistance mechanisms and side effect profile may limit their clinical utility. A better understanding of the unique FGFR-inhibitor-related toxicities would invariably help us in the prevention and effective management of FGFR-inhibitor-induced adverse events thereby enhancing their clinical benefit. Herein, we summarized the physiology of FGF/FGFR signaling and briefly discussed the possible mechanisms that could lead to FGFR inhibitor resistance and side effects. In addition, we proposed treatment guidelines for the management of FGFR-inhibitor-associated toxicities. This work would invariably help practicing oncologists to effectively manage the unique toxicities of FGFR inhibitors.

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Section: Dermatologic Toxicitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

FGFR Inhibitors in Oncology: Insight on the Management of Toxicities in Clinical Practice

Kommalapati

Tella

Borad

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…Chemotherapy in children in certain cases invalidates their germ cells and gonads resulting in decreased fertility and the psychological impact this creates often needs anticipatory counseling in their adolescence. Understanding the pathophysiology of chemotherapy induced alopecia to a certain extent has led to the use of techniques and medications such as hypothermia, YHO618 to minimize hair loss and improve hair growth but substantial research still needs to be done as no prevention and treatment guidelines are currently in place (You et al, 2019;Rossi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Debilitating Effects Of Chemotherapy and The Need For Novel Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA Interference and Nanotechnology: A Promising Alliance for Next Generation Cancer Therapeutics

Swaminathan

Shigna

Kumar

et al. 2021

Front. Nanotechnol.

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Cancer is a significant health hazard of the 21st century, and GLOBOCAN predicts increasing cancer incidence in the coming decades. Though several conventional treatment modalities exist, most of them end up causing off-target and debilitating effects, and drug resistance acquisition. Advances in our understanding of tumor molecular biology offer alternative strategies for precise, robust, and potentially less toxic treatment paradigms for circumventing the disease at the cellular and molecular level. Several deregulated molecules associated with tumorigenesis have been developed as targets in RNA interference (RNAi) based cancer therapeutics. RNAi, a post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanism, has significantly gained attention because of its precise multi-targeted gene silencing. Although the RNAi approach is favorable, the direct administration of small oligonucleotides has not been fruitful because of their inherent lower half-lives and instability in the biological systems. Moreover, the lack of an appropriate delivery system to the primary site of the tumor that helps determine the potency of the drug and its reach, has limited the effective medical utilization of these bio-drugs. Nanotechnology, with its unique characteristics of enhanced permeation and better tumor-targeting efficiency, offers promising solutions owing to the various possibilities and amenability for modifications of the nanoparticles to augment cancer therapeutics. Nanoparticles could be made multimodal, by designing and synthesizing multiple desired functionalities, often resulting in unique and potentially applicable biological structures. A small number of Phase I clinical trials with systemically administered siRNA molecules conjugated with nanoparticles have been completed and the results are promising, indicating that, these new combinatorial therapies can successfully and safely be used to inhibit target genes in cancer patients to alleviate some of the disease burden. In this review, we highlight different types of nano-based delivery strategies for engineering Nano-RNAi-based bio drugs. Furthermore, we have highlighted the insights gained from current research that are entering the preclinical evaluation and information about initial clinical developments, shaping the future for next generation cancer therapeutics.

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“…Chemotherapy is the mainstream treatment with/without surgery or radiotherapy, depending on the stage of the tumor [ 2 ]. However, it may cause prolonged and often irreversible debilitating chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in addition to nephropathy [ 3 ], cardiomyopathy [ 4 ], chemotherapy-induced lung disease [ 5 ], inhibition of the proliferative cells of the bone marrow [ 6 ], hair follicles [ 7 ], gut [ 8 ], urinary, and reproductive tracts [ 9 , 10 ]. Of these adverse effects of chemotherapy, CIPN is a significant dose-limiting long-term sequela associated with several commonly used chemotherapeutic agents as a first-line therapy against several solid and hematological malignancies [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Emerging Role of Phytochemicals

2022

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Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a significant dose-limiting long-term sequela in cancer patients undergoing treatment, often leading to discontinuation of treatment. No established therapy exists to prevent and/or ameliorate CIPN. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysregulation have been proposed to underlie the pathobiology of CIPN. However, interventions to prevent and treat CIPN are largely ineffective. Additional factors and mechanism-based targets need to be identified to develop novel strategies to target CIPN. The role of oxidative stress appears to be central, but the contribution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress remains under-examined in the pathobiology of CIPN. This review describes the significance of ER stress and its contribution to CIPN, the protective role of herbal agents in countering ER stress in nervous system-associated disorders, and their possible repurposing for preventing CIPN.

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Prevention and Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

FGFR Inhibitors in Oncology: Insight on the Management of Toxicities in Clinical Practice

FGFR Inhibitors in Oncology: Insight on the Management of Toxicities in Clinical Practice

RNA Interference and Nanotechnology: A Promising Alliance for Next Generation Cancer Therapeutics

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Emerging Role of Phytochemicals

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