2012
DOI: 10.1111/acer.12002
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Prevention and Therapy of Alcohol Withdrawal on Intensive Care Units: Systematic Review of Controlled Trials

Abstract: Based on the evidence of this SR, EtOH or BZO can be advised for AWS prevention on ICU patients with alcohol dependence, but EtOH is not allowed for therapy of AWS. AWS therapy should be standardized and based on symptom-triggered BZO administration. Alpha2-agonists and haloperidol should be added for autonomic and productive psychotic symptoms.

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Cited by 41 publications
(31 citation statements)
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References 41 publications
(90 reference statements)
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“…Ethanol administration presents some risks, however, including extravasation injury, and hepatic, gastrointestinal tract, hématologie, and neurological side effects (24, 57). As other treatment options with a lower risk profile are available, ethanol infusions are not recommended for the prevention or treatment of AWS (63).…”
Section: Awsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Ethanol administration presents some risks, however, including extravasation injury, and hepatic, gastrointestinal tract, hématologie, and neurological side effects (24, 57). As other treatment options with a lower risk profile are available, ethanol infusions are not recommended for the prevention or treatment of AWS (63).…”
Section: Awsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…En los ensayos clínicos que evalúan su utilidad en la prevención del síndrome de abstinencia, su eficacia no fue superior a la de las benzodiacepinas 27,37 . El alcohol etílico presenta un perfil de toxicidad bien conocido y un margen terapéutico muy estrecho, por lo que su uso exige un control clínico muy estricto y resulta desaconsejable en estos enfermos 30 .…”
Section: Alcohol Etílicounclassified
“…vida media larga, como el diazepam, por vía parenteral y, según un esquema de tratamiento basado en la administración de dosis de carga, con dosis adicionales en función de los síntomas30,37 . Aunque se ha propuesto la administración de benzodiacepinas de vida media corta en perfusión intravenosa en sustitución del tratamiento clásico en bolos, no hay evidencias de que esta pauta sea superior en tér-minos ni de efectividad clínica, ni de coste30 .…”
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“…An alternative approach in alcohol withdrawal treatment consists of the use of α 2 -adrenoceptor agonists such as clonidine or guanfacine (Ungur et al, 2013;Muzyk et al, 2011). These compounds are beneficial not only in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal symptoms but also in preventing recidivism to drug use associated with stress or cue exposure in animal models and in humans (Fox et al, 2014;Smith and Aston-Jones, 2011;Erb et al, 2000;Lê et al, 2011).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%