Prevention and Control of Bacterial Infections Associated with Medical Devices

Khoury, Antoine E.; Lam, Kei Fong; Ellis, B. D.; Costerton, J. W.

doi:10.1097/00002480-199207000-00013

Cited by 231 publications

(159 citation statements)

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“…46 These bioelectric effects can occur due to pH modifications, production, and transportation of antimicrobial agents into the biofilm by electrophoresis, generation of biocide ions, and hyperoxygenation. [47][48][49] Hyperoxygenation is mainly through hydrolysis of water that initiates oxygen production, improves oxygen tension, and increases the minimum inhibitory concentrations required to kill some bacteria. [50][51][52] Additionally, ECs can interact with charged particles and molecular chains within polar subsystems 53 to enhance bacterial killing.…”

Section: Electrical Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and treatment of biofilms by hybrid- and nanotechnologies

Kasimanickam¹,

Ranjan²,

Asokan³

et al. 2013

IJN

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Bacteria growing as adherent biofilms are difficult to treat and frequently develop resistance to antimicrobial agents. To counter biofilms, various approaches, including prevention of bacterial surface adherence, application of device applicators, and assimilation of antimicrobials in targeted drug delivery machinery, have been utilized. These methods are also combined to achieve synergistic bacterial killing. This review discusses various multimodal technologies, presents general concepts, and describes therapies relying on the principles of electrical energy, ultrasound, photodynamics, and targeted drug delivery for prevention and treatment of biofilms.

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Section: Electrical Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and treatment of biofilms by hybrid- and nanotechnologies

Kasimanickam¹,

Ranjan²,

Asokan³

et al. 2013

IJN

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“…Large numbers of slime-encased bacteria have been observed by electron microscopy on the surfaces of medical devices that have been the foci of device-related infection [9]. The bacteria within biofilms are protected against host defense mechanisms and antibiotic therapy because activated phagocytes cannot kill bacteria in biofilms, and antibodies that are produced because of stimulation by antigens that are released from sessile bacterial cells and antibiotics fail to penetrate biofilms [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of antibiotic-impregnated fibrin sealant for the prevention of surgical site infection associated with spinal instrumentation

Tofuku

Koga

Yanase³

et al. 2012

Eur Spine J

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of antibiotic-impregnated fibrin sealant (AFS) was effective in preventing surgical site infections (SSI) associated with spinal instrumentation. Methods In a preliminary study, five pieces of vancomycin-impregnated fibrin sealant, five nuts that were not treated with the sealant, and five nuts that were treated with the sealant were subjected to agar diffusion testing. In a clinical study, the rates of deep SSI were compared between 188 patients who underwent procedures involving spinal instrumentation without AFS (group 1) and 196 patients who underwent procedures involving spinal instrumentation with AFS (group 2). Results All five pieces of vancomycin-impregnated fibrin sealant and the five nuts treated with the sealant exhibited antimicrobial efficacy, while the five untreated nuts did not exhibit antimicrobial efficacy in the agar diffusion test. In the clinical study, 11 (5.8 %) of the 188 patients in group 1 acquired a deep SSI, while none (0 %) of the 196 patients in group 2 acquired a deep SSI. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that the application of AFS to spinal instrumentation yielded good clinical outcomes in terms of the prevention of postoperative spinal infections. It is hoped that limiting AFS use to patients requiring spinal instrumentation and those with risk factors for SSI will reduce the overall costs while preventing SSIs.

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“…P. aeruginosa has been demonstrated to form biofilms on a variety of indwelling medical devices (Choong & Whitfield, 2000;Khoury, Lam, Ellis, & Costerton, 1992). It is particularly problematic for patients requiring mechanical ventilation and catheterization, as the surfaces of medical devices can readily develop P. aeruginosa biofilms that are difficult to remove.…”

Section: Biofilm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas aeruginosa – Pathogenesis and Pathogenic Mechanisms

Alhazmi

2015

IJB

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium, Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen capable of infecting humans with compromised natural defenses and causing severe pulmonary disease. It is one of the leading pathogen associated with nosocomial infections. It has a vast arsenal of pathogenicity factors that are used to interfere with host defenses. Pathogenesis in P. aeruginosa facilitates adhesion, modulate or disrupt host cell pathways, and target the extracellular matrix. The propensity of P. aeruginosa to form biofilms further protects it from antibiotics and the host immune system. P. aeruginosa is intrinsically resistant to a large number of antibiotics and can be acquired resistance to many others, making treatment difficult. P. aeruginosa provokes a potent inflammatory response during the infectious process. The majority of mortalities in immunocompromised patients; cystic fibrosis, can be attributed to the progressive decline of lung function resulting from chronic infection by pathogens such as P. aeruginosa. Antibiotic treatment of chronic P. aeruginosa infections may temporarily suppress symptoms; however, they do not eradicate the pathogen. Lung diseases caused by P. aeruginosa are a leading cause of death in immunocompromised individuals as well as in children. Although immunocytes recruitment is critical to augment the host defense, excessive neutrophil accumulation results in life-threatening diseases, such as acute lung injury, as well as acute respiratory distress syndrome. Several virulence factors have been studied for their roles as potential vaccine candidate, although there is currently no clinically accepted vaccine. Understanding host-pathogen interaction is critical for the development of effective therapeutic strategies to control the damage in the lung.

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Prevention and Control of Bacterial Infections Associated with Medical Devices

Cited by 231 publications

References 0 publications

Prevention and treatment of biofilms by hybrid- and nanotechnologies

Prevention and treatment of biofilms by hybrid- and nanotechnologies

The use of antibiotic-impregnated fibrin sealant for the prevention of surgical site infection associated with spinal instrumentation

Pseudomonas aeruginosa – Pathogenesis and Pathogenic Mechanisms

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