Preventing Unfairness in the ETSI Distributed Congestion Control

Kuk, Seungho; Kim, Hyogon

doi:10.1109/lcomm.2014.2320893

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…While the reactive approach has been a long-standing standardized mechanism, several works have measured its performance and limitations [10]. In [11], the authors demonstrate that the use of a FSM causes underutilization of the medium, and in [12] the authors concur in the underutilization aspect.…”

Section: A Reactive Approachmentioning

confidence: 98%

Experimental Evaluation of the ETSI DCC Adaptive Approach and Related Algorithms

et al. 2020

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Decentralized Congestion Control (DCC) mechanisms have been a core part of protocol stacks for vehicular networks since their inception and standardization. The ETSI ITS-G5 protocol stack for vehicular communications considers the usage of DCC not only in the network or access layers, but also as a part of the cross-layer architecture that influences how often messages are generated and transmitted. ETSI DCC mechanisms have evolved from a reactive approach based on a finite state machine, to an adaptive approach that relies on a linear control algorithm. This linear control algorithm, called LIMERIC, is the basis of the mechanism used in the ETSI DCC Adaptive Approach. The behavior of this algorithm depends on a set of parameters. Different values for these parameters have been proposed in the literature, including those defined in the ETSI specification. A recent proposal is Dual-α, which chooses parameters to improve convergence and fairness when the algorithm has to react to fast changes in the use of the shared medium (transitory situations). This article evaluates, by means of simulations, the performance of the ETSI DCC Adaptive Approach and related algorithms, considering both steady state and transitory situations. Results show that a bad selection of parameters can make a DCC algorithm ineffective, that the ETSI DCC Adaptive algorithm performs well in steady state conditions, and that Dual-α performs as well in steady state conditions and outperforms the ETSI DCC Adaptive Approach in transitory scenarios.

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Section: A Reactive Approachmentioning

confidence: 98%

Experimental Evaluation of the ETSI DCC Adaptive Approach and Related Algorithms

et al. 2020

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“…Several studies have revealed that ETSI DCC suffers unfairness and oscillation [26][27][28]. In [26] a DCC that used methods (1) to (4) simultaneously was evaluated and it indicated that ETSI DCC is unstable and unfair. In [28] by adapting just transmit frequency control, the instability of the method was demonstrated.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fair and stable joint beacon frequency and power control for connected vehicles

2019

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In vehicular communications, periodic one-hop broadcast of beacons allows cooperative awareness for vehicles. To avoid congestion in the shared channel used for transmission of beacons, a joint beacon frequency and power control protocol based on game theory is presented in this paper. The existence, uniqueness and stability of the Nash Equilibrium (NE) of the game is proved mathematically. An algorithm is devised to find the equilibrium point in a distributed manner and its stability and convergence has been validated using simulation. The algorithm converges to the NE from any initial frequency and power and it can provide both fairness in power and weighted fairness in frequency. The protocol has per vehicle parameters, hence, every vehicle can control its share of the bandwidth according to its dynamics or safety application requirements while the whole usage of bandwidth is controlled at a desired level.

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“…to repeatedly switch between relaxed to active and restrictive states. The "unfairness" of the 3-state ETSI DCC configuration [1] was also explained in [3]. The authors show that in a high vehicle density scenario ITS-S may experience unfairness in terms of channel access.…”

Section: B Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, restricting the communication exchange in safety-critical applications, which are very delay-sensitive could potentially lead to undesirable performance degradation. Several studies show, that the performance of the ETSI DCC needs further investigation [2], to find more efficient DCC parameter settings than the default one, to prevent possible performance degradation of C-ITS [3]. Thus, in this tutorial paper we first present an overview of the state-of-the-art in DCC for vehicular communications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ETSI DCC: Decentralized Congestion Control in C-ITS

et al. 2018

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Decentralized Congestion Control (DCC) is a mandatory component of 5.9 GHz Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS-G5) vehicular communication protocol stack that reduces radio channel overload, range degradation, and self interference. In this tutorial article we explain its principle, describe related ongoing standardization activities, evaluate its performance for emerging cooperative driving applications, and identify ways for improvement. We show that failure to use a proper DCC parameterization can impact negatively on the performance of cooperative vehicular applications.

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Preventing Unfairness in the ETSI Distributed Congestion Control

Cited by 21 publications

References 5 publications

Experimental Evaluation of the ETSI DCC Adaptive Approach and Related Algorithms

Experimental Evaluation of the ETSI DCC Adaptive Approach and Related Algorithms

Fair and stable joint beacon frequency and power control for connected vehicles

ETSI DCC: Decentralized Congestion Control in C-ITS

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