Preventing risky driving: A novel and efficient brief intervention focusing on acknowledgement of personal risk factors

Paaver, Marika; Eensoo, Diva; Kaasik, Katrin; Vaht, Mariliis; Mäestu, Jarek; Harro, Jaanus

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.05.019

Cited by 57 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The significance of impulsivity as a risk factor for motor vehicle crashes has led to the idea of new prophylactic strategies. In a recent study, Paaver et al (Paaver et al, 2012) showed that a brief intervention focused on impulsivity may be helpful in preventing speeding. Other studies confirmed an association between impulsivity and risky sexual (Black et al, 2009; Winters et al, 2009) as well as aggressive behavior (Derefinko et al, 2011; Moeller et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulsivity, risky behaviors and accidents in alcohol-dependent patients

Jakubczyk¹,

Klimkiewicz²,

Wnorowska³

et al. 2013

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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Impulsivity and alcohol drinking are both considered as important predictors of unintentional as well as intentional injuries. However, relationships of impulsivity with risky behaviors and a history of accidents have not been investigated in alcohol dependence. The aim of this study was to analyze relationships between the frequency of risky behaviors and level of behavioral as well as cognitive impulsivity in alcohol-dependent patients. By means of Barratt’s Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) and stop-signal task, the levels of cognitive and behavioral impulsivity among 304 alcohol-dependent patients were measured. Also, patients were asked to answer questions from the Short Inventory of Problems applying to risky behaviors and accidents after alcohol drinking. In addition participants completed a questionnaire to assess frequency of other behaviors from the analyzed spectrum (use of other drugs, driving or aggressive behavior after alcohol drinking). The statistical analysis revealed a significant association between impulsivity and frequency of risky behaviors in alcohol-dependent patients. Individuals with higher scores in BIS behaved more frequently in a risky way and had significantly more accidents after alcohol drinking. The association with risky behaviors was strongest for non-planning and attentional impulsivity subscales, whereas frequency of accidents was particularly associated with motor impulsivity. A multivariate analysis revealed that impulsivity was the most important predictor of risky behaviors, but did not significantly predict a history of accidents. Our study confirms that impulsivity is an important correlate of risky behaviors in alcohol-dependent individuals, along with global psychopathology and severity of alcohol dependence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulsivity, risky behaviors and accidents in alcohol-dependent patients

Jakubczyk¹,

Klimkiewicz²,

Wnorowska³

et al. 2013

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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“…Impulsivity was measured by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). 13,17,18 Age, education, the year of TSCI and etiology, alcohol and smoking behavior were self-reported. Smoking status was assessed because smoking dose-dependently reduces platelet MAO activity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Risk Factor for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Sabre

Harro

Eensoo

et al. 2016

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Several behavioral factors such as violence, impulsivity, and alcohol-related problems are associated with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). Such factors have been associated with inherently low neuronal serotonergic capacity that in turn is reflected in low activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) as measured in platelets. The aim of the study was to characterize platelet MAO activity and impulsivity in persons with TSCI. Data were collected from 93 patients with TSCI and compared with 93 age- and gender-matched control subjects. Platelet MAO activity was measured radioenzymatically and expressed as nanomoles of beta-phenylethylamine oxidized per 10 to the tenth power platelets per minute. Facets of impulsivity were self-reported using Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). Most of the patients were men (87%). The mean time from TSCI was 4.3 ± 3.7 years. Twenty-one (24%) patients reported social problems associated with alcohol, and 30 (39%) patients had consumed alcohol before the trauma. Platelet MAO activity was significantly lower among the patients with TSCI (6.4 ± 3.2 vs.10.8 ± 5.2, p < 0.0001). This difference was not affected by consideration of their smoking status. The patients with TSCI had significantly higher BIS-11 impulsivity compared with the controls (62.8 ± 10.0 vs. 55.4 ± 8.6, p = 0.0001). The patients with TSCI have lower platelet MAO activity, and they are more impulsive compared with the healthy controls. Our results indicate that both low platelet MAO activity and high impulsivity are important risk factors for TSCI that can have predictive value and aid in undertaking preventive measures.

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“…Subjects were contacted by telephone, the description and aims of the study were provided, and they filled in self-reported questionnaires during a visit to laboratory where they donated venous blood samples. The EPSTB Sample 2 was formed during an impulsivity-focused intervention study at traffic schools (Paaver et al, 2013;Eensoo et al, 2018). Of the 1886 participants (mean age 23.0 ± 7.2 years) of the intervention study, altogether 767 subjects (41% male) had agreed to donate a blood sample.…”

Section: Samples Of the Traffic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orexin/hypocretin receptor gene (HCRTR1) variation is associated with aggressive behaviour

et al. 2019

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Highlights• Orexins are involved in the regulation of stress response • The HCRTR1 rs2271933 G>A genotype was associated with aggressiveness • A/A homozygotes were more aggressive and relapsed to drunk driving • A-allele carriers were more frequently involved in traffic accidents• The genotype effect is sensitive to stressful life events AbstractOrexins, alternatively called hypocretins, are neuropeptides with crucial role in maintaining wakefulness. The orexin system is thought to mediate a coordinated defense response but thus far investigated from the flight, but never fight, response perspective. An HCRTR1 gene variant (rs2271933 G > A) leading to amino acid substitution (Ile408Val) has been associated with migraine and mood disorders. We genotyped, and assessed aggressive behaviour in both birth cohorts (n=655 and 583) of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study (ECPBHS). Measures of aggressiveness were collected at age 25 or 33 and data on stressful life events (SLE-s) at age 15. Violations of traffic law were monitored in the samples of the Estonian Psychobiological Study of Traffic Behaviour. In both birth cohorts of the ECPBHS, the HCRTR1 the A/A homozygotes reported higher aggression in both Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and the Life History of Aggression Interview. With either measure of aggressiveness, the HCRTR1 genotype effect was dependent on experience of SLE, the highest level of aggressiveness increase by environment being found in female A/A homozygotes. The HCRTR1 A/A homozygotes scored higher in the ANGER facet of the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scale, while such an effect on FEAR was found only in females. Male HCRTR1 A/A homozygotes were more likely to relapse into drunk driving of a passenger car, and in two independent samples the A-allele carriers were causing traffic accidents more often. Conclusively, self-report, interview, and traffic record data converge indicating that the HCRTR1 Ile408Val genotype is associated with aggressiveness and breach of law.This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "Current status of the neurobiology of aggression and impulsivity".

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Preventing risky driving: A novel and efficient brief intervention focusing on acknowledgement of personal risk factors

Cited by 57 publications

References 39 publications

Impulsivity, risky behaviors and accidents in alcohol-dependent patients

Impulsivity, risky behaviors and accidents in alcohol-dependent patients

A New Risk Factor for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Orexin/hypocretin receptor gene (HCRTR1) variation is associated with aggressive behaviour

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