Preventing Preterm Birth and Neonatal Mortality: Exploring the Epidemiology, Causes, and Interventions

Simmons, LaVone E.; Rubens, Craig E.; Darmstadt, Gary L.; Gravett, Michael G.

doi:10.1053/j.semperi.2010.09.005

Cited by 248 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…From a global health perspective, UTI is one of the most important and potentially preventable causes of early preterm birth (Simmons et al, 2010). Intrauterine infections are thought to be responsible for up to 50% of extreme preterm births of less than 28 weeks of gestation, where both neonatal mortality and morbidity are high (Simmons et al, 2010).…”

Section: Utis and Perinatal Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Tract Infections During Pregnancy

Berard¹,

Santos²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2011

Urinary Tract Infections

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Section: Utis and Perinatal Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Tract Infections During Pregnancy

Berard¹,

Santos²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2011

Urinary Tract Infections

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“…In Model 2 we used the same covariates plus several maternal medical conditions and obstetric factors (pre-existing diabetes, hypertensive disorders, mode of delivery, type of onset of labour, pre-labour rupture of membranes, fetal presentation at delivery, urinary infection and antenatal antibiotic treatment). Since small size for gestational age and preterm birth are major risk factors for fetal and/or neonatal death, 14,15 we investigated a third model (Model 3) that included small size for gestational age and preterm status (categorized as a gestational age at birth of < 34, 34-36 or ≥ 37 weeks), as well as all of the covariates included in Model 2 (Table 3). Among the women who had first pregnancies that ended in neonate survival, we also investigated if very low or low birth weight in the first pregnancy was associated with stillbirth, preterm birth of a small-for-gestational age infant and/or admission of the infant to a neonatal ICU in the second pregnancy, a No data on birth weights were available for 1028 second pregnancies.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrence of adverse perinatal outcomes in developing countries

Ouyang

Zhang

Betrán

et al. 2013

Bull. World Health Organ.

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“…However, infant mortality rates are highest in developing countries, where infectious diseases exact a substantial toll. 8,9 Other risk factors associated with infant mortality have been identified, including socioeconomic status, maternal health and age, low birth weight, and ethnicity. 10 Maternal obesity is an identified risk factor for stillbirth and congenital abnormalities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Obesity and Infant Mortality: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2014

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Despite numerous studies reporting an elevated risk of infant mortality among women who are obese, the magnitude of the association is unclear. A systematic review and metaanalysis was undertaken to assess the association between maternal overweight or obesity and infant mortality.METHODS: Four health care databases and gray literature sources were searched and screened against the protocol eligibility criteria. Observational studies reporting on the relationship between maternal overweight and obesity and infant mortality were included. Data extraction and risk of bias assessments were performed.RESULTS: Twenty-four records were included from 783 screened. Obese mothers (BMI $30) had greater odds of having an infant death (odds ratio 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.24-1.63; P , .001; 11 studies); these odds were greatest for the most obese (BMI .35) (odds ratio 2.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.61-2.56; P , .001; 3 studies). CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest that the odds of having an infant death are greater for obese mothers and that this risk may increase with greater maternal BMI or weight; however, residual confounding may explain these findings. Given the rising prevalence of maternal obesity, additional high-quality epidemiologic studies to elucidate the actual influence of elevated maternal mass or weight on infant mortality are needed. If a causal link is determined and the biological basis explained, public health strategies to address the issue of maternal obesity will be needed. Mr Meehan developed the protocol, executed the search strategy, screened all records, assessed risk of bias, extracted data, carried out the data analysis, interpreted results, and prepared the manuscript draft; Dr Beck advised on study methods and analysis, extracted data, assessed methodological quality, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Mr Mair-Jenkins extracted data, assessed methodological quality, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Dr Leonardi-Bee advised on study methods and analysis, provided arbitration, critically appraised the analysis, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; Dr Puleston supervised the study, screened all records for eligibility, extracted data and prepared, and reviewed and revised the manuscript; and all authors approved the manuscript for submission.The protocol is registered at the National Institute for Health Research international prospective register of systematic reviews (identifier CRD42012002171). Overweight and obesity are increasing in women of childbearing age and during pregnancy. 2 The prevalence of maternal obesity ranges from 1.8% to 25.3% across different countries. 3 A recent study from the United States showed an increase in the prevalence of obesity during pregnancy from 13.0% in 1993 to 22.0% in 2003. 4 Obese pregnant women are likely to be older, have higher parity, and live in areas of higher deprivation than nonobese women. 3 Although global infant mortality rates have declined from 61 to 40 deaths per 1000 live births betw...

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Preventing Preterm Birth and Neonatal Mortality: Exploring the Epidemiology, Causes, and Interventions

Cited by 248 publications

References 38 publications

Urinary Tract Infections During Pregnancy

Urinary Tract Infections During Pregnancy

Recurrence of adverse perinatal outcomes in developing countries

Maternal Obesity and Infant Mortality: A Meta-Analysis

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