Preventing hair loss in mice

Ward, Kevin; Leish, Z.; Bonsing, J; Nlshimura, Noriko; Cam, Graham R.; Brownlee, A.; Nancarrow, C. D.

doi:10.1038/371563b0

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This demonstrates that it is possible to supplement animal biochemistry with an additional enzymatic pathway. As shown in the present study, and similar studies published elsewhere (reviewed by Ward and Nancarrow, 1991;Ward et al, 1994), it is now feasible to transfer these potentially advantageous genes from one organism to another. This may allow the recipient species to benefit from the presence of an additional gene product(s), enabling these transgenic animals to synthesize rate-limiting nutrients or enzymes or co-factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Present and previous reports from our laboratory (Shanahan et al, 1989;Leish et al, 1993;Ward et al, 1994) have established that the ovine MT-Ia promoter regulates the expression of transgene(s) placed immediately downstream from it. Removal of the zinc stimulus in mice carrying glyoxylate transgenes resulted in undetectable levels of mRNAs and enzyme activity for both the transgenes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…This approach holds great promise for generating new 'breeds' of animals with improved performance. Towards this end, one approach that our laboratory has taken is the modification of intermediary metabolism by the stable introduction of bacterial genes for novel biochemical pathways into the mammalian genome (Ward et al, 1994). The glyoxylate cycle is a critical component of the gluconeogenic machinery responsible for the conversion of acetate into glucose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Introduction and expression of the bacterial glyoxylate cycle genes in transgenic mice

Saini

Byrne

Leish

et al. 1996

Transgenic Research

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The glyoxylate cycle, catalysed by two unique enzymes: isocitrate lyase (ICL; EC 4.1.3.1) and malate synthase (MS; EC 4.1.3.2), is necessary for the net conversion of acetate into glucose. This metabolic pathway operates in microorganisms, higher plants and nematodes. Two bacterial genes, encoding ICL and MS, were modified in order to introduce them into the mouse germ line. The ovine metallothionein-Ia (MT-Ia) promoter-ace B gene-ovine growth hormone (GH) gene (3' GH sequence) construct was fused to the ovine, MT-Ia promoter-ace A gene-ovine GH gene (3' GH sequence). Therefore, in this single DNA sequence, both ace A and ace B are under independent MT-Ia promoter control and can be induced by zinc. Transgenic mice were generated by pronuclear microinjection of the ace B-ace A gene construct. We now report the establishment of four mouse lines carying these two transgenes. Studies on the progeny of these lines indicate that one line (No. 91) is expressing both genes at the mRNA and enzyme levels in the liver and intestine, whereas another line (No. 66) has a much lower expression. Both enzyme activities were detected in the liver and intestine at levels up to 25% of those measured in fully derepressed Escherichia coli cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Introduction and expression of the bacterial glyoxylate cycle genes in transgenic mice

Saini

Byrne

Leish

et al. 1996

Transgenic Research

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“…The most convincing demonstration of the functionality of the cysteine pathway in transgenic mice, however, was obtained by a dietary study in which transgenic mice and appropriate control mice were placed on a synthetic diet which was supplemented with Na 2 S but in which the sulfur amino acids cysteine and methionine were reduced in concentration to low levels. After 7 d on this diet, substantial hair loss and weight loss were experienced by the control animals but the transgenic animals continued to grow normally and did not lose any hair (Ward et al 1994).…”

Section: The Modi®cation Of Intermediary Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1. high levels in that they were very active and stable in such cells Leish et al 1993). The gene was then introduced into transgenic mice where it was shown to be expressed at high levels in several tissues including the small intestine (Ward et al 1994). When this intestinal tissue was incubated with sul®de, the synthesis of cysteine was clearly demonstrated.…”

Section: The Modi®cation Of Intermediary Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altering nutrient utilization in animals through transgenesis

Ward

1999

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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Improved domestic animal productivity is necessary in order to provide for an increasing world population over the next two to three decades and such improvement would be aided by an increase in the ef®ciency of nutrient utilization. This can be achieved by conventional genetic selection protocols but progress by this approach is slow. A more rapid but as yet largely unproven technique is the direct modi®cation of the genome which can be achieved by the transfer of recombinant DNA to the nuclei of early embryos. This new technology is potentially powerful because it allows the direct transfer of genes without regard to inter-species barriers to breeding. However, it raises a new set of problems associated with the integration and expression of the foreign genetic information in the new genome. In this review the application of the technology to increasing nutrient utilization and increased productivity are discussed. Two areas have received substantial attention in the 15 years since the technique was ®rst applied to domestic animals. First, the current status of the modi®cation of growth hormone levels to improve productivity and feed utilization ef®ciency is reviewed, with current results suggesting that several of the projects may soon be approaching ®eld trial status.

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The Role of Biotechnology in Improvement of Livestock

Abubakar¹,

Saeed²,

Kul³

2015

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Preventing hair loss in mice

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Introduction and expression of the bacterial glyoxylate cycle genes in transgenic mice

Introduction and expression of the bacterial glyoxylate cycle genes in transgenic mice

Altering nutrient utilization in animals through transgenesis

The Role of Biotechnology in Improvement of Livestock

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